Gravitational lensing at milliarcsecond angular resolution with VLBI observations
C. Spingola, J. P. McKean, A. Deller, J. Moldon
备注:
7 pages, 3 figures; accepted for the proceedings of the 14th European VLBI Network Symposium & Users Meeting, held on 8-11 October 2018 in Granada, Spain. It will appear in Proceedings of Science PoS(EVN2018)033
Gravitational lensing is a powerful tool for quantifying the mass content and distribution in distant galaxies. By using milliarcsecond angular resolution observations of radio-loud gravitationally lensed sources it is also possible to detect and quantify small deviations from a smooth mass density distribution, which can be due to low mass substructures in the lensing galaxy. We present high-resolution global VLBI observations of the gravitationally lensed radio source MG J0751+2716 (at z = 3.2), that shows evidence of both compact and extended structure (core-jet morphology) across several gravitational arcs. These data provide a wealth of observational constraints that are used to determine the inner (baryonic and dark matter) mass profile of a group of galaxies and also investigate the smoothness of the dark matter distribution on mas-scales, which is sensitive to possible structures of $10^{6-7}$ M$_{\odot}$ within the lensing halo or along the line-of-sight. Our lens modelling finds evidence for astrometric anomalies in this system, which suggest presence of extra mass structure in the lens model. To date this kind of detailed studies of gravitational lensing systems like MG J0751+2716 has been limited by the currently small sample of radio-loud gravitational lenses. In this context, we also present a new pilot gravitational lens search in the VLBI survey mJIVE-20, in perspective of future surveys with the next generation of radio interferometers.
Milliarcsecond-resolution Radio-imaging Survey of Blazar Candidates at 4 < z < 5.4
Konkoly Observatory, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences(孔科利天文台,匈牙利研究与教育网络天文学与地球科学研究中心);CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence(匈牙利科学院卓越研究中心);INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera(意大利国家天体物理研究所布雷拉天文台);Dipartimento di Astronomia, Università di Bologna(博洛尼亚大学天文学系);INAF – Istituto di Radioastronomia(意大利国家天体物理研究所无线电天文研究所);Center for Astrophysics – Harvard & Smithsonian(哈佛-史密森尼天体物理中心);Institute of Physics and Astronomy, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University(罗兰大学物理与天文学研究所)
本研究通过VLBI技术对4 < z < 5.4的高红移类Blazar候选体进行毫米弧秒分辨率射电成像调查,确认其Blazar性质并分析核心结构特征。
Probing the Active Massive Black Hole Candidate in the Center of NGC 404 with VLBI
最近Nyland等人(2012)认为,在矮星系NGC 404中心观测到的无线电发射起源于由大质量黑洞($M\sim<10^6$ M $_{\odot}$)提供动力的低光度活动星系核(LLAGN)。高分辨率的MBH无线电探测是罕见的。在这里,我们提出了敏感的,同期钱德拉X射线,甚长基线干涉测量(VLBI)无线电观测与欧洲VLBI网络(EVN)。在X射线中检测到源,并且没有显示出长期变化。如果硬X射线源是由吸积提供能量的,那么明显的低吸积效率将与硬态下的黑洞相一致。已知硬态黑洞在毫弧秒尺度上具有致密的射电辐射。然而,NGC 404的中心区域在10毫角秒(0.15-1.5 pc)尺度上被分辨出来。我们的VLBI没有检测到一个紧凑的,部分自吸收的无线电核心在NGC 404意味着要么黑洞质量小于$3^{+5}_{-2}\times10^5$ M $_{\odot}$,或源不遵循基本平面的黑洞活动关系。另一种解释是中心的黑洞并不处于硬态。在角秒(几十秒差距)尺度上观测到的射电辐射可能起源于核恒星的形成或活动星系核活动引起的扩展辐射,尽管考虑到低电离核发射线区星系(LINER)的结构特性,后者并不典型。
Very Long Baseline Interferometry Search for Nuclear Radio Continuum Emission in the Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 7479
National Radio Astronomy Observatory(国家射电天文台);Texas Tech University(德克萨斯理工大学);Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie(马克斯·普朗克射电天文研究所);Space Telescope Science Institute(太空望远镜科学研究所);Morehead State University(莫尔黑德州立大学)
VLBI Detections of Compact Nuclei in Spiral-hosted Double-lobed Radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei (DRAGNs): Evidence for Weak Parsec-Scale Jet Activity
Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)(蔚山科学技术院)
Direct VLBI evidence for a buried AGN in the triple-merger LIRG UGC 2369S
Konkoly Observatory, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences(孔科利天文台,HUN-REN 天文学与地球科学研究中心);School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院);Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院新疆天文台);Department of Astronomy, Institute of Physics and Astronomy, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University(罗兰大学物理与天文学研究所天文学系);HUN-REN–ELTE Extragalactic Astrophysics Research Group, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University(HUN-REN–罗兰大学河外天体物理学研究组)
University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学);Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院上海天文台);Leiden University(莱顿大学);Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院高能物理研究所);Technion(以色列理工学院);University of Manchester(曼彻斯特大学);University of Bristol(布里斯托大学);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心);University of Maryland Baltimore County(马里兰大学巴尔的摩分校);European University Cyprus(塞浦路斯欧洲大学);University of Geneva(日内瓦大学);Peking University(北京大学);Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC (JIVE)(甚长基线干涉测量欧洲研究合作组织联合研究所)
European VLBI Network imaging of 6.7 GHz methanol masers
6.7 GHz的甲醇脉泽是高质量恒星形成区的著名示踪剂。然而,其起源仍然不清楚。我们的目的是确定的形态和速度结构的大样本的微波激射器的发射一般较低的峰值通量密度比以前的调查。使用欧洲VLBI网络,我们成像的其余来源(17),从一个样本的来源,选择从无偏调查使用托伦32米碟。它们共同组成了一个数据库,共有63个源图像,具有高灵敏度、毫角秒角分辨率和非常好的光谱分辨率,可用于详细研究。我们详细研究了脉泽云的性质,计算了脉泽云投影尺度的平均值和中值(分别为17.4au和5.5au)以及谱线的半高宽(平均值和中值分别为0.373 km s $^{-1}$和0.315 km s $^{-1}$),检验了它是否符合高斯分布。我们还发现微波激射云的速度梯度(71%)范围从0.005公里秒$^{-1}$ au $^{-1}$到0.210公里秒$^{-1}$ au $^{-1}$。我们测试了运动学模型,以解释观察到的6.7 GHz发射的结构。存在形态学支持旋转和扩张盘或双极流出的靶点。比较干涉光谱和单碟光谱,我们发现,通常情况下,50- 70%的通量丢失。这种现象与源的距离关系不大。EVN成像显示,在63个源的完整样本中,环状形态出现在17%的源中,弧形出现在另外8%的源中,结构复杂的占46%。UC HII区域在天空中的位置与13%的源一致。它们与样品中的极高和极低光度脉泽有关。