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arXiv 1902.05959astro-ph.GA
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关于NGC1052-DF2中球状星团的轨道衰变:一个仅重子质量模型的检验

On the Orbital Decay of Globular Clusters in NGC1052-DF2: Testing a Baryon-Only Mass Model

Dhruba Dutta Chowdhury, Frank C. van den Bosch, Pieter van Dokkum

摘要:

超漫射星系NGC 1052-DF 2的暗物质含量,从球状星团(GC)和恒星运动学推断,带有相当大的不确定性,与当前的限制也允许完全没有暗物质。我们测试这样一个场景的可行性,通过检查是否在一个“重子只有”的质量模型,观察到的GC人口经历快速的轨道衰变,由于动力学摩擦。使用一套50多GC N-体模拟,匹配观测约束的NGC 1052-DF 2和它的GC人口的恒星组成部分,但不同的初始视线的位置和切向速度的GC,我们表明,有大量的实现实现的GC的演变方差。然而,超过10 Gyr,一些GC经历了重大的轨道演变。另一些星系则演化得更慢,星系核心动力学摩擦力的减少和GC-GC散射的结合使GC漂浮在水面上,防止它们一路下沉到星系中心。虽然目前GC的相空间坐标对于只有重子的质量模型来说并非不可能,但GC系统确实会随着时间的推移而演变。因此,如果NGC 1052-DF 2没有暗物质,那么它的一些GC一定是在更远的地方形成的,并且GC系统在过去一定是更长的。低质量尖状晕的存在,虽然在运动学上是允许的,但似乎是不可能的,因为在中心区域明显较短的螺旋时间尺度将很快导致核星团的形成。

英文摘要:

The dark matter content of the ultra diffuse galaxy NGC1052-DF2, as inferred from globular cluster (GC) and stellar kinematics, carries a considerable amount of uncertainty, with current constraints also allowing for the complete absence of dark matter. We test the viability of such a scenario by examining whether in a `baryon-only' mass model, the observed GC population experiences rapid orbital decay due to dynamical friction. Using a suite of 50 multi-GC N-body simulations that match observational constraints on both the stellar component of NGC1052-DF2 and its GC population but differ in the initial line-of-sight positions and the tangential velocities of the GCs, we show that there is a substantial amount of realization-to-realization variance in the evolution of the GCs. Nevertheless, over 10 Gyr, some of the GCs experience significant orbital evolution. Others evolve less. A combination of reduced dynamical friction in the galaxy core and GC-GC scattering keeps the GCs afloat, preventing them from sinking all the way to the galaxy center. While the current phase-space coordinates of the GCs are not unlikely for a baryon-only mass model, the GC system does evolve over time. Therefore, if NGC1052-DF2 has no dark matter, some of its GCs must have formed further out, and the GC system must have been somewhat more extended in the past. The presence of a low mass cuspy halo, while allowed by the kinematics, seems improbable as significantly shorter inspiral timescales in the central region would quickly lead to the formation of a nuclear star cluster.

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