用遥远的星团检验基础物理学：压力支持恒星系统的理论模型
Testing fundamental physics with distant star clusters: theoretical models for pressure-supported stellar systems
摘要：
我们使用N体程序N-MODY研究了MOND中恒星系统的平均速度色散和速度色散剖面。N-MODY是Ciotti，Londrillo和Nipoti（2006）开发的一个基于粒子网格的程序，带有MOND势的数值求解器。我们已经计算了平均速度色散的恒星系统以下的普卢默密度分布的质量范围内的$10^4 M_\odot$到$10^9 M_\odot$，这是孤立的或沉浸在一个外部的领域。我们的积分再现以前的分析估计恒星速度在系统中的深MOND制度（$a_i, a_e \ll a_0$），其中恒星的运动是由内部加速度（$a_i \gg a_e$）或恒定的外部加速度（$a_e \gg a_i$）。此外，我们推导出的第一次在中间制度（$a_i \sim a_e \sim a_0$）的视线速度色散的解析公式。这使得一个更好的比较MOND与观测到的恒星系统的速度色散。最后，我们得到的球状星团的速度色散的银河系外晕球状星团，最近被提出作为一个区分牛顿和MONDian动力学之一。
英文摘要：
We investigate the mean velocity dispersion and the velocity dispersion profile of stellar systems in MOND, using the N-body code N-MODY, which is a particle-mesh based code with a numerical MOND potential solver developed by Ciotti, Londrillo and Nipoti (2006). We have calculated mean velocity dispersions for stellar systems following Plummer density distributions with masses in the range of $10^4 M_\odot$ to $10^9 M_\odot$ and which are either isolated or immersed in an external field. Our integrations reproduce previous analytic estimates for stellar velocities in systems in the deep MOND regime ($a_i, a_e \ll a_0$), where the motion of stars is either dominated by internal accelerations ($a_i \gg a_e$) or constant external accelerations ($a_e \gg a_i$). In addition, we derive for the first time analytic formulae for the line-of-sight velocity dispersion in the intermediate regime ($a_i \sim a_e \sim a_0$). This allows for a much improved comparison of MOND with observed velocity dispersions of stellar systems. We finally derive the velocity dispersion of the globular cluster Pal 14 as one of the outer Milky Way halo globular clusters that have recently been proposed as a differentiator between Newtonian and MONDian dynamics.
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