arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1902.01786eess.SYcs.SY
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基于安全可达性的高保真自动驾驶乘客车辆轨迹设计

Guaranteed Safe Reachability-based Trajectory Design for a High-Fidelity Model of an Autonomous Passenger Vehicle

University of Michigan(密歇根大学)

Sean Vaskov, Utkarsh Sharma, Shreyas Kousik, Matthew Johnson-Roberson, Ramanarayan Vasudevan

AI总结:

本文提出一种基于可达性的安全轨迹设计方法,应用于具有完整动力总成、底盘和轮胎动力学的高保真自动驾驶乘客车辆模型,证明了该方法在实时环境下生成安全轨迹的能力。

摘要:

轨迹规划对于自动驾驶汽车而言具有挑战性,因为它们在不可预测的环境中运行,且传感器视野有限。为了将新信息纳入考虑,规划是在循环中进行的,下一个计划是在前一个计划执行时计算的。最近的可达性基于轨迹设计(RTD)是一种可证明安全的实时轨迹规划算法。RTD包括一个离线组件,其中计算车辆跟踪参数化轨迹的前向可达集(FRS);以及一个在线部分,其中使用FRS将障碍物映射到轨迹优化的约束,以可证明安全的方式。在文献中,RTD仅被应用于小型移动机器人。本文的贡献是将其应用于CarSim中的乘客车辆,具有完整的动力总成、底盘和轮胎动力学。RTD能够使车辆以最高15 m/s的速度在双车道上行驶,在随机放置的障碍物仅在车辆传感器视野内检测到时才被知晓。RTD与非线性模型预测控制(NMPC)和快速探索随机树(RRT)方法进行了比较。实验展示了RTD在实时环境中规划安全轨迹的能力,与现有最先进方法形成对比。

英文摘要:

Trajectory planning is challenging for autonomous cars since they operate in unpredictable environments with limited sensor horizons. To incorporate new information as it is sensed, planning is done in a loop, with the next plan being computed as the previous plan is executed. The recent Reachability-based Trajectory Design (RTD) is a provably safe, real-time algorithm for trajectory planning. RTD consists of an offline component, where a Forward Reachable Set (FRS) is computed for the vehicle tracking parameterized trajectories; and an online part, where the FRS is used to map obstacles to constraints for trajectory optimization in a provably-safe way. In the literature, RTD has only been applied to small mobile robots. The contribution of this work is applying RTD to a passenger vehicle in CarSim, with a full powertrain model, chassis and tire dynamics. RTD produces safe trajectory plans with the vehicle traveling up to 15 m/s on a two-lane road, with randomly-placed obstacles only known to the vehicle when detected within its sensor horizon. RTD is compared with a Nonlinear Model-Predictive Control (NMPC) and a Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT) approach. The experiment demonstrates RTD's ability to plan safe trajectories in real time, in contrast to the existing state-of-the-art approaches.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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