用于偏振控制的纳米级光路由的惠更斯偶极子
Huygens' Dipole for Polarization-Controlled Nanoscale Light Routing
摘要：
结构化照明允许在支持电和磁偶极共振的任何各向同性散射体中满足同相垂直电和磁偶极矩的第一Kerker条件。感应惠更斯偶极子可用于单向耦合到横向于激发光束传播的波导模式。我们研究了惠更斯偶极子的两种构型--纵向电偶极矩和横向磁偶极矩或相反。我们的实验结果表明，只有径向偏振的第一和方位角偏振的第二配置的发射在远场方向。这种偏振选择性意味着TM或TE波导模式的定向激发是可能的。将这一概念应用于用结构光激发的单个纳米天线，我们能够在TM和TE模式下分别实验实现约23 dB和18 dB的散射方向性。这种强方向性为可调偏振控制的纳米级光路由和光学计量、定位显微镜和片上光学器件中的应用铺平了道路。
英文摘要：
Structured illumination allows for satisfying the first Kerker condition of in-phase perpendicular electric and magnetic dipole moments in any isotropic scatterer that supports electric and magnetic dipolar resonances. The induced Huygens' dipole may be utilized for unidirectional coupling to waveguide modes that propagate transverse to the excitation beam. We study two configurations of a Huygens' dipole -- longitudinal electric and transverse magnetic dipole moments or vice versa. We experimentally show that only the radially polarized emission of the first and azimuthally polarized emission of the second configuration are directional in the far-field. This polarization selectivity implies that directional excitation of either TM or TE waveguide modes is possible. Applying this concept to a single nanoantenna excited with structured light, we are able to experimentally achieve scattering directivities of around 23 dB and 18 dB in TM and TE modes, respectively. This strong directivity paves the way for tunable polarization-controlled nanoscale light routing and applications in optical metrology, localization microscopy and on-chip optical devices.
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