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arXiv 1902.01191astro-ph.HE
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蟹状星云脉冲星磁层中VHE光子的磁吸收

Magnetic absorption of VHE photons in the magnetosphere of the Crab pulsar

S. V. Bogovalov, I. Contopoulos, A. Prosekin, I. Tronin, F. A. Aharonian

摘要:

MAGIC和VERITAS合作报告的蟹状星云脉冲星脉冲$\sim 1 $ ~TeV伽马射线辐射的探测需要对脉冲星磁层中粒子加速的现有模型进行重大修订。在这方面,对VHE光子的可能产生位置的模型独立限制成为重要问题。在本文中,我们考虑的限制所施加的VHE伽马射线转换成$e^{\pm}$对的脉冲星磁层的磁场的过程。能量超过1~TeV的光子即使在离中子星表面很远的地方也能被有效吸收。我们对无力磁层中磁吸收的计算表明,由于脉冲星旋转而导致的磁场扭曲使磁层比偶极磁层更透明。伽马射线的吸收似乎更强的光子发射的旋转方向比在相反的方向。有一个小的角锥,在这个角锥内磁层相对透明,能量为$1.5$ ~TeV的光子可以从超过$0.1$ ~光柱半径($R_{\rm{lc}}$)的距离逃逸。光子可以在观察者的方向上发射的发射表面进一步限制了VHE伽马射线产生的位置。对于相对于蟹状星云脉冲星旋转轴和正交旋转的观测角$57^{\circ}$,对于偶极磁场,开磁力线区域中的发射表面与恒星表面的距离接近$0.4\,R_{\rm{lc}}$,对于无力磁场,接近$0.1\,R_{\rm{lc}}$。

英文摘要:

The detection of the pulsed $\sim 1 $~TeV gamma-ray emission from the Crab pulsar reported by MAGIC and VERITAS collaborations demands a substantial revision of existing models of particle acceleration in the pulsar magnetosphere. In this regard model independent restrictions on the possible production site of the VHE photons become an important issue. In this paper, we consider limitations imposed by the process of conversion of VHE gamma rays into $e^{\pm}$ pairs in the magnetic field of the pulsar magnetosphere. Photons with energies exceeding 1~TeV are effectively absorbed even at large distances from the surface of the neutron star. Our calculations of magnetic absorption in the force-free magnetosphere show that the twisting of the magnetic field due to the pulsar rotation makes the magnetosphere more transparent compared to the dipole magnetosphere. The gamma-ray absorption appears stronger for photons emitted in the direction of rotation than in the opposite direction. There is a small angular cone inside which the magnetosphere is relatively transparent and photons with energy $1.5$~TeV can escape from distances beyond $0.1$~light cylinder radius ($R_{\rm{lc}}$). The emission surface from where photons can be emitted in the observer's direction further restricts the sites of VHE gamma-ray production. For the observation angle $57^{\circ}$ relative to the Crab pulsar axis of rotation and the orthogonal rotation, the emission surface in the open field line region is located as close as $0.4\,R_{\rm{lc}}$ from the stellar surface for a dipole magnetic field, and $0.1\,R_{\rm{lc}}$ for a force-free magnetic field.

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