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arXiv 1901.10491astro-ph.HE
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源自M82中超亮X射线脉冲星的~60天超轨道周期

A ~60-day super-orbital period originating from the ultraluminous X-ray pulsar in M82

Murray Brightman, Fiona A. Harrison, Matteo Bachetti, Yanjun Xu, Felix Fürst, Dominic J. Walton, Andrew Ptak, Mihoko Yukita, Andreas Zezas

摘要:

超铝X射线(ULX)天体是一类由磁化中子星表面的超临界吸积提供能量的新天体。到目前为止,这一类别中的三个源:M82 X-2,NGC 5907 ULX-1和NGC 7793 P13,被发现有两个共同的特性:$\sim1$的自旋周期,以及NGC 5907 ULX-1和NGC 7793 P13在$\sim60-80$天的时间尺度上的周期性X射线通量调制。M82 X-2位于一个拥挤的领域,包括ULX M82 X-1与X-2分开5”,以及其他亮点光源。在该地区观察到了60天的调制,但起源很难确定; M82 X-1和X-2都被认为是来源。在本文中,我们提出了一个系统的监测活动的钱德拉,唯一的X射线望远镜能够解决拥挤的领域的分析。从一个简单的Lomb-Scargle周期图分析和一个更复杂的高斯过程分析,我们发现只有X-2显示出一个大约60天的周期信号,支持以前的说法,它是起源。我们还构建了一个相位平均的流量配置文件的调制更高的节奏Swift/XRT数据,并发现在钱德拉数据的流量变化是完全一致的流量配置文件。由于已知中子星及其伴星的轨道是2.5天,因此$\sim60$天周期必定是超轨道的。调制的通量从最小值到最大值变化了$\sim$ 100倍,没有光谱变化的证据,使得起源难以解释。

英文摘要:

Ultraluminous X-ray (ULX) pulsars are a new class of object powered by apparent super-critical accretion onto magnetized neutron stars. Three sources in this class identified so far; M82 X-2, NGC 5907 ULX-1 and NGC 7793 P13, have been found to have two properties in common; $\sim1$-s spin periods, and for NGC 5907 ULX-1 and NGC 7793 P13 periodic X-ray flux modulations on timescales of $\sim60-80$ days. M82 X-2 resides in a crowded field that includes the ULX M82 X-1 separated from X-2 by 5", as well as other bright point sources. A 60-day modulation has been observed from the region but the origin has been difficult to identify; both M82 X-1 and X-2 have been suggested as the source. In this paper we present the analysis of a systematic monitoring campaign by Chandra, the only X-ray telescope capable of resolving the crowded field. From a simple Lomb-Scargle periodogram analysis and a more sophisticated Gaussian Process analysis we find that only X-2 exhibits a periodic signal around 60 days supporting previous claims that it is the origin. We also construct a phase-averaged flux profile of the modulations from higher cadence Swift/XRT data and find that the flux variations in the Chandra data are fully consistent with the flux profile. Since the orbit of the neutron star and its companion is known to be 2.5 days, the $\sim60$-day period must be super-orbital in origin. The flux of the modulations varies by a factor of $\sim$100 from minimum to maximum, with no evidence for spectral variations, making the origin difficult to explain.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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