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arXiv 1901.09800cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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一类庞大的低热导率双Half-Heusler化合物

An Enormous Class of Double Half-Heusler Compounds with Low Thermal Conductivity

Shashwat Anand, Max Wood, Chris Wolverton, G. Jeffrey Snyder

摘要:

自大约一个世纪前发现以来,多功能半赫斯勒半导体的结构和化学作为三组分系统得到了广泛的研究。构成这些具有标称式XYZ的三元化合物的元素组是公认的。从非常相同的一组著名的元素,我们探索四元双($X'X''Y_2Z_2$,$X_2Y'Y''Z_2$,和$X_2Y_2Z'Z''$),三重($X_2'X''Y_3Z_3$)和四重($X_3'X''Y_4Z_4$)半Heusler组成的相空间,其大小的10倍。使用可靠的,第一原理热力学方法选择的347种新的组合物,我们预测127个新的稳定的四元化合物,已经超过了89个几乎详尽的三元系统。现有技术的三元半赫斯勒化合物的热电性能受到其固有的高晶格热导率($κ_{L}$)的限制。与三元半Heusler相比,双半Heusler中的热输运主要由具有较小群速度的低频声子模式控制,并受无序散射的限制。合成了双半赫斯勒组成Ti $_2$ FeNiSb $_2$,并证实其具有比TiCoSb显著更低的晶格热导率(在室温下为3倍),从而为热电效率优化提供了更好的起点。我们展示了一个可靠的策略,以帮助寻找低热导率的半Heuslers和指向一个巨大的组合物空间实现it. Our的研究结果可以扩展到其他大家庭的多组分金属间半导体的系统发现。

英文摘要:

Since their discovery around a century ago, the structure and chemistry of the multi-functional half-Heusler semiconductors have been studied extensively as three component systems. The elemental groups constituting these ternary compounds with the nominal formula XYZ are well established. From the very same set of well-known elements we explore a phase space of quaternary double ($X'X''Y_2Z_2$, $X_2Y'Y''Z_2$, and $X_2Y_2Z'Z''$), triple ($X_2'X''Y_3Z_3$) and quadruple ($X_3'X''Y_4Z_4$) half-Heusler compositions which 10 times larger in size. Using a reliable, first-principles thermodynamics methodology on a selection of 347 novel compositions, we predict 127 new stable quaternary compounds, already more than the 89 reported almost exhaustively for ternary systems. Thermoelectric performance of the state-of-the-art ternary half-Heusler compounds are limited by their intrinsically high lattice thermal conductivity ($κ_{L}$). In comparison to ternary half-Heuslers, thermal transport in double half-Heuslers is dominated by low frequency phonon modes with smaller group velocities and limited by disorder scattering. The double half-Heusler composition Ti$_2$FeNiSb$_2$ was synthesized and confirmed to have a significantly lower lattice thermal conductivity (factor of 3 at room temperature) than TiCoSb, thereby providing a better starting point for thermoelectric efficiency optimization. We demonstrate a dependable strategy to assist the search for low thermal conductivity half-Heuslers and point towards a huge composition space for implementing it. Our findings can be extended for systematic discovery of other large families of multi-component intermetallic semiconductors.

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