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arXiv 1901.09798math.STstat.TH
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两个非嵌套模型选择问题的Bayes因子和似然比的估计

Reconciling the Bayes Factor and Likelihood Ratio for Two Non-Nested Model Selection Problems

Danica M. Ommen, Christopher P. Saunders

摘要:

在统计学中,有各种各样的方法来执行模型选择,所有这些方法都源于统计推断的略有不同的范例。选择一种特定方法而不是另一种方法的原因似乎完全基于哲学上的偏好。在非嵌套模型选择的情况下,两种流行的技术是贝叶斯因子和似然比。本文着重于调和的似然比和贝叶斯因子比较一对非嵌套模型在两个不同的问题框架下,典型的法医学,共同来源和特定来源的问题。我们表明,贝叶斯因子可以表示为相应的似然比函数的期望值相对于后验分布的参数给定的整个数据集的未知源的观测集(S)已根据第二个模型生成。这个表达式导致了一些有用的理论和实际结果有关的两个统计方法。这种关系在许多科学应用中是非常有意义的,在这些应用中,各种统计方法之间存在着普遍的混淆,特别是在法医学的情况下。

英文摘要:

In statistics, there are a variety of methods for performing model selection that all stem from slightly different paradigms of statistical inference. The reasons for choosing one particular method over another seem to be based entirely on philosophical preferences. In the case of non-nested model selection, two of the prevailing techniques are the Bayes Factor and the likelihood ratio. This article focuses on reconciling the likelihood ratio and the Bayes Factor for comparing a pair of non-nested models under two different problem frameworks typical in forensic science, the common-source and the specific-source problem. We show that the Bayes Factor can be expressed as the expected value of the corresponding likelihood ratio function with respect to the posterior distribution for the parameters given the entire set of data where the set(s) of unknown-source observations has been generated according to the second model. This expression leads to a number of useful theoretic and practical results relating the two statistical approaches. This relationship is quite meaningful in many scientific applications where there is a general confusion between the various statistical methods, and particularly in the case of forensic science.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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