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arXiv 1901.09285physics.soc-phmath.OC
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异质混合种群的动态疫苗接种对策

Dynamic Vaccination Game in a Heterogeneous Mixing Population

Liqun Lu, Yanfeng Ouyang

摘要:

长期以来,反对接种疫苗一直是一个不可忽视的公共卫生现象,这是由于人们对接种疫苗的不同看法(例如,疫苗恐惧症)。本文研究了流行病爆发期间异质人群的自愿疫苗接种行为,其中每个人都做出自己的疫苗接种决定,以最大限度地减少疫苗恐惧症和感染风险带来的预期负效用。这样的问题被称为疫苗接种游戏,因为人们的疫苗接种决定不仅会影响他们自己的非效用,还会通过概率性疾病传播影响所有其他人的非效用。为了研究疫苗接种博弈,将传染病传播过程推广到一个新的传染病动力学模型中,使得异质混合种群可以动态接种疫苗和激活免疫.提出了一种有效的计算方法来评估动态传染病系统的最终状态。在此基础上,建立了一个经典的博弈均衡模型,考察了人们的疫苗接种行为对疫情爆发总体风险的影响。一个假设的案例研究是用来验证的动力学模型和推导的结果,并进行了广泛的数值实验,以确定影响人们的疫苗接种决策和爆发的风险的关键因素。此外,还研究了三种替代疫苗接种方案,以分别检查早期和非差异性疫苗接种治疗的效果。

英文摘要:

Opposition to vaccination has long been a non-negligible public health phenomenon resulted from people's varied perceptions toward vaccination (e.g., vaccine-phobia). This paper investigates the voluntary vaccination behavior of a heterogeneous population during an epidemic outbreak, where each individual makes its own vaccination decision to minimize its expected disutility from both vaccine-phobia and the risk of infection. Such a problem is known as a vaccination game, as people's vaccination decisions not only affect their own disutilities but those of all others through probabilistic disease transmissions. To study the vaccination game, the susceptible-infected-removed disease propagation process is generalized into a new epidemic dynamics model to allow dynamic vaccination and immunity activation in a heterogeneous mixing population. An efficient computation method is proposed to evaluate the final state of the dynamic epidemic system. Then, a classic game-theoretical equilibrium model is built upon these results to examine the impacts of people's vaccination behavior on the overall risk of epidemic outbreak. A hypothetical case study is used to validate the dynamics model and the derived results, and extensive numerical experiments are conducted to identify the key factors that affect people's vaccination decisions and the risk of an outbreak. Moreover, three alternative vaccination schemes are also studied to examine the effects of early and non-differential vaccination treatments, respectively.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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