arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 1901.08693cs.ITmath.IT
收藏

在mmWave上进行数字波束形成的情况

A Case for Digital Beamforming at mmWave

Sourjya Dutta, C. Nicolas Barati, Aditya Dhananjay, David A. Ramirez, James F. Buckwalter, Sundeep Rangan

摘要:

由于毫米波(mmWave)无线系统对定向链路的严重依赖,具有高维阵列的波束成形(BF)对于这些频率中的蜂窝系统至关重要。如何以功率有效的方式执行阵列处理是一个基本的挑战。模拟和混合BF需要较少的模数和数模转换器(ADC和DAC),但一次只能在少数方向上通信,限制了方向搜索、空间复用和控制信令。数字BF实现了灵活的空间处理,但必须在低量化分辨率下操作以保持在合理的功率电平内。量化器分辨率的这种降低在接收信号中引入了噪声,并降低了发射信号的质量。为了评估低分辨率量化对细胞系统的影响,我们提出了一个简单的加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)量化噪声模型。利用该模型的仿真显示,在中等分辨率(每个ADC 3-4比特)下,量化导致的下行链路蜂窝容量损失可以忽略不计。本质上,低分辨率ADC限制了高SNR,而蜂窝系统通常不工作。对于发射机,示出了具有4位或更多位分辨率的DAC不违反由第三代合作伙伴计划(3GPP)新无线电(NR)标准针对蜂窝操作设置的相邻载波泄漏限制。此外,这项工作研究了低分辨率量化对发射信号的误差矢量幅度(EVM)的影响,事实上,我们的研究结果表明,低分辨率全数字BF架构可以是一个功率有效的替代模拟或混合波束成形的发射机和接收机在毫米波。

英文摘要:

Due to the heavy reliance of millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless systems on directional links, beamforming (BF) with high-dimensional arrays is essential for cellular systems in these frequencies. How to perform the array processing in a power efficient manner is a fundamental challenge. Analog and hybrid BF require fewer analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters (ADCs and DACs), but can only communicate in a small number of directions at a time, limiting directional search, spatial multiplexing and control signaling. Digital BF enables flexible spatial processing, but must be operated at a low quantization resolution to stay within reasonable power levels. This decrease in quantizer resolution introduces noise in the received signal and degrades the quality of the transmitted signal. To assess the effect of low-resolution quantization on cellular system, we present a simple additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) model for quantization noise. Simulations with this model reveal that at moderate resolutions (3-4 bits per ADC), there is negligible loss in downlink cellular capacity from quantization. In essence, the low-resolution ADCs limit the high SNR, where cellular systems typically do not operate. For the transmitter, it is shown that DACs with 4 or more bits of resolution do not violate the adjacent carrier leakage limit set by 3-rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) New Radio (NR) standards for cellular operations. Further, this work studies the effect of low resolution quantization on the error vector magnitude (EVM) of the transmitted signal.In fact, our findings suggests that low-resolution fully digital BF architectures can be a power efficient alternative to analog or hybrid beamforming for both transmitters and receivers at millimeter wave.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑