通过mmWave波束成形避开蜂窝网络中的密集平台
Escaping the Densification Plateau in Cellular Networks Through mmWave Beamforming
摘要：
通过研究信号干扰噪声比（SINR）和区域频谱效率（ASE），研究了密集多天线毫米波（mmWave）蜂窝网络的性能如何随基站（BS）空间密度$λ$而变化。如果在每个BS的天线的数量至少与$λ$线性缩放，这增加了可能的波束配置的数量和它们的主瓣增益，并降低它们的旁瓣增益，我们证明了SINR接近一个有限的随机变量，这是独立的$λ$和ASE至少与$λ$线性缩放。相反，如果天线的数量与$λ$成次线性比例，则SINR衰减到零并且ASE饱和到常数。因此，通过移动到具有连续更小天线的更高载波频率，并利用相应增加的方向性，蜂窝运营商原则上可以避免蜂窝网络中的致密化平台（或崩溃），而是继续通过BS致密化收获线性总和吞吐量增益。
英文摘要：
We study how dense multi-antenna millimeter wave (mmWave) cellular network performance scales in terms of the base station (BS) spatial density $λ$, by studying the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and the area spectral efficiency (ASE). If the number of antennas at each BS scales at least linearly with $λ$, which increases the number of possible beam configurations and their main-lobe gain, and decreases their side-lobe gain, we prove that the SINR approaches a finite random variable that is independent of $λ$ and the ASE scales at least linearly with $λ$. In contrast, if the number of antennas scales sub-linearly with $λ$, then the SINR decays to zero and the ASE saturates to a constant. Thus, by moving to higher carrier frequencies with successively smaller antennas, and exploiting the correspondingly increased directionality, cellular operators can in principle avoid the densification plateau (or collapse) in cellular networks and instead continue to harvest linear sum throughput gains through BS densification.
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