量子气体中耗散引起的结构不稳定性和手征动力学
Dissipation Induced Structural Instability and Chiral Dynamics in a Quantum Gas
摘要：
耗散和么正过程定义了多体系统的演化。它们的相互作用引起动态相变，并可能导致不稳定性。我们在一个具有独立可控幺正耦合和耗散耦合的合成多体系统中发现了一个手征性质的非定态。我们的实验是基于旋量玻色气体与光学谐振腔的相互作用。谐振腔场的正交正交积分相干地将玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体耦合到两个不同的原子空间模式，而谐振腔损耗的色散效应介导这些模式之间的耗散耦合。在占主导地位的耗散耦合的制度，我们观察到的手征演化和映射到一个位置不稳定。
英文摘要：
Dissipative and unitary processes define the evolution of a many-body system. Their interplay gives rise to dynamical phase transitions and can lead to instabilities. We discovered a non-stationary state of chiral nature in a synthetic many-body system with independently controllable unitary and dissipative couplings. Our experiment is based on a spinor Bose gas interacting with an optical resonator. Orthogonal quadratures of the resonator field coherently couple the Bose-Einstein condensate to two different atomic spatial modes whereas the dispersive effect of the resonator losses mediates a dissipative coupling between these modes. In a regime of dominant dissipative coupling we observe the chiral evolution and map it to a positional instability.
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