The MUSE Atlas of Disks (MAD): Resolving Star Formation Rates and Gas Metallicities on < 100pc Scales
Santiago Erroz-Ferrer, C. Marcella Carollo, Mark den Brok, Masato Onodera, Jarle Brinchmann, Raffaella A. Marino, Ana Monreal-Ibero, Joop Schaye, Joanna Woo, An… 展开作者
Santiago Erroz-Ferrer, C. Marcella Carollo, Mark den Brok, Masato Onodera, Jarle Brinchmann, Raffaella A. Marino, Ana Monreal-Ibero, Joop Schaye, Joanna Woo, Anna Cibinel, Victor P. Debattista, Hanae Inami, Michael Maseda, Johan Richard, Sandro Tacchella, Lutz Wisotzki
备注：
21 pages + appendices. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
We study the physical properties of the ionized gas in local disks using the sample of 38 nearby $\sim10^{8.5-11.2}$M$_\odot$ Star-Forming Main Sequence (SFMS) galaxies observed so far as part of the MUSE Atlas of Disks (MAD). Specifically, we use all strong emission lines in the MUSE wavelength range 4650-9300 Å to investigate the resolved ionized gas properties on $\sim$100 pc scales. This spatial resolution enables us to disentangle HII regions from the Diffuse Ionized Gas (DIG) in the computation of gas metallicities and Star Formation Rates (SFRs) of star forming regions.
The gas metallicities generally decrease with radius. The metallicity of the HII regions is on average $\sim$0.1 dex higher than that of the DIG, but the metallicity radial gradient in both components is similar. The mean metallicities within the inner galaxy cores correlate with the total stellar mass of the galaxies. On our <100 pc scales, we find two correlations previously reported at kpc scales: a spatially resolved Mass-Metallicity Relation (RMZR) and a spatially resolved SFMS (RSFMS). We find no secondary dependency of the RMZR with the SFR density. We find that both resolved relations have a local origin, as they do not depend on the total stellar mass. The observational results of this paper are consistent with the inside-out scenario for the growth of galactic disks.
We derive direct measurement gas-phase metallicities of $7.4 < 12 + \log(O/H) < 8.4$ for 14 low-mass Emission Line Galaxies (ELGs) at $0.3 < z < 0.8$ identified in the Faint Infrared Grism Survey (FIGS). We use deep slitless G102 grism spectroscopy of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF), dispersing light from all objects in the field at wavelengths between 0.85 and 1.15 microns. We run an automatic search routine on these spectra to robustly identify 71 emission line sources, using archival data from VLT/MUSE to measure additional lines and confirm redshifts. We identify 14 objects with $0.3 < …
Directly characterising the first generations of stars in distant galaxies is a key quest of observational cosmology. We present a case study of ID53 at z=4.77, the UV-brightest (but L*) star-forming galaxy at z>3 in the MUSE eXtremely Deep Field with a mass of $10^9$ M$_{\odot}$. In addition to very strong Lyman-$α$ (Ly$α$) emission, we clearly detect the (stellar) continuum and an NV P-Cygni feature, interstellar absorption, fine-structure emission and nebular CIV emission lines in the 140 hr spectrum. Continuum emission from two spatially resolved components in Hubble Space Telescope data a…
Aims. We use the spectra of more than 30,000 red giant branch (RGB) stars in 25 globular clusters (GC), obtained within the MUSE survey of Galactic globular clusters, to calibrate the Ca II triplet (CaT) metallicity relation and derive metallicities for all individual stars. We investigate the overall metallicity distributions as well as those of the different populations within each cluster. Methods. The Ca II triplet in the near-infrared at 8498, 8542, and 8662 AA is visible in stars with spectral types between F and M and can be used to determine their metallicities. In this work, we calibr…
Context. Moderately metal-poor inner bulge globular clusters are relics of a generation of long-lived stars that formed in the early Galaxy. Terzan 9, projected at 4d 12 from the Galactic center, is among the most central globular clusters in the Milky Way, showing an orbit which remains confined to the inner 1 kpc. Aims. Our aim is the derivation of the cluster's metallicity, together with an accurate measurement of the mean radial velocity. In the literature, metallicities in the range between have been estimated for Terzan 9 based on color-magnitude diagrams and CaII triplet (CaT) lines. Ai…
We present MUSE integral field data of two HII region complexes in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), N44 and N180. Both regions consist of a main superbubble and a number of smaller, more compact HII regions that formed on the edge of the superbubble. For a total of 11 HII regions, we systematically analyse the radiative and mechanical feedback from the massive O-type stars on the surrounding gas. We exploit the integral field property of the data and the coverage of the HeII$λ$5412 line to identify and classify the feedback-driving massive stars, and from the estimated spectral types and lumi…
Current instruments and spectral analysis programs are now able to decompose the integrated spectrum of a stellar system into distributions of ages and metallicities. The reliability of these methods have rarely been tested on nearby systems with resolved stellar ages and metallicities. Here we derive the age-metallicity distribution of M54, the nucleus of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy, from its integrated MUSE spectrum. We find a dominant old (8-14 Gyr), metal-poor (-1.5 dex) and a young (1 Gyr), metal-rich (+0.25 dex) component - consistent with the complex stellar populations meas…
NGC 2915 is a unique nearby galaxy that is classified as an isolated blue compact dwarf based on its optical appearance but has an extremely extended H i gas disk with prominent Sd-type spiral arms. To unveil the starburst-triggering mystery of NGC 2915, we performed a comprehensive analysis of deep VLT/MUSE integral field spectroscopic observations that cover the star-forming region in the central kiloparsec of the galaxy. We find that episodes of bursty star formation have recurred in different locations throughout the central region, and the most recent one peaked around 50 Myr ago. The bur…
We have modelled the stellar and nebular continua and emission-line intensity ratios of massive stellar populations in the Antennae galaxy using high resolution and self-consistent libraries of model HII regions around central clusters of aging stars. The model libraries are constructed using the stellar population synthesis code, Starburst99, and photoionisation model, Cloudy. The Geneva and PARSEC stellar evolutionary models are plugged into Starburst99 to allow comparison between the two models. Using a spectrum-fitting methodology that allows the spectral features in the stellar and nebula…
MUSE-ALMA Haloes XIII. Molecular gas in $z \sim 0.5$ HI-selected galaxies
European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）；Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, LAM, (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille)（艾克斯-马赛大学、法国国家科学研究中心、天体物理学实验室）；Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE)（马克斯·普朗克地外物理研究所）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina（南卡罗来纳大学物理与天文学系）；Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik（马克斯·普朗克天体物理研究所）；Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology（斯威本科技大学天体物理学与超级计算中心）；CSIRO Space & Astronomy（CSIRO空间与天文部）
Looking into the faintEst WIth MUSE (LEWIS): on the nature of ultra-diffuse galaxies in the Hydra I cluster. V. Integrated stellar population properties
University of Naples “Federico II”（那不勒斯费德里科二世大学）；Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias（加那利群岛天体物理研究所）；Universidad de La Laguna（拉古纳大学）
We have obtained data for 41 star forming galaxies in the MUSE Atlas of Disks (MAD) survey with VLT/MUSE. These data allow us, at high resolution of a few 100 pc, to extract ionized gas kinematics ($V, σ$) of the centers of nearby star forming galaxies spanning 3 dex in stellar mass. This paper outlines the methodology for measuring the ionized gas kinematics, which we will use in subsequent papers of this survey. We also show how the maps can be used to study the kinematics of diffuse ionized gas for galaxies of various inclinations and masses. Using two different methods to identify the diff…
oMEGACat. IX. Chemical Tagging of Omega Centauri Populations with Machine-Learning-Inferred Abundances from the MUSE Spectrograph
University of Utah（犹他大学）；Max Planck Institute for Astronomy（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）；European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）；Liverpool John Moores University（利物浦约翰摩尔斯大学）；Georg-August-Universität Göttingen（哥廷根大学）
[abridged] The polar disk galaxy NGC4650A was observed during the commissioning of the MUSE at the ESO VLT to obtain the first 2D map of the velocity and velocity dispersion for both stars and gas. The new MUSE data allow the analysis of the structure and kinematics towards the central regions of NGC4650A, where the two components co-exist. These regions were unexplored by the previous long-slit literature data available for this galaxy. The extended view of NGC~4650A given by the MUSE data is a galaxy made of two perpendicular disks that remain distinct and drive the kinematics right into the…
We present results of the MUSE-ALMA Halos, an ongoing study of the Circum-Galactic Medium (CGM) of low redshift galaxies (z < 1.4), currently comprising 14 strong HI absorbers in five quasar fields. We detect 43 galaxies associated with absorbers down to star formation rate (SFR) limits of 0.01-0.1 solar masses/yr, found within impact parameters (b) of 250 kpc from the quasar sightline. Excluding the targeted absorbers, we report a high detection rate of 89 per cent and find that most absorption systems are associated with pairs or groups of galaxies (three to eleven members). We note that gal…
We present a study of the physical properties of JO201, a unique disk galaxy with extended tails undergoing extreme ram-pressure stripping as it moves through the massive cluster Abell 85 at supersonic speeds mostly along the line of sight. JO201 was observed with MUSE as part of the GASP programme. In a previous paper (GASP II) we studied the stellar and gas kinematics. In this paper we present emission-line ratios, gas-phase metallicities and ages of the stellar populations across the galaxy disk and tails. We find that while the emission at the core of the galaxy is dominated by an active g…
The Time Inference with MUSE in Extragalactic Rings (TIMER) project is a survey with the VLT-MUSE integral-field spectrograph of 24 nearby barred galaxies with prominent central structures (e.g., nuclear rings or inner discs). The main goals of the project are: (i) estimating the cosmic epoch when discs of galaxies settle, leading to the formation of bars; (ii) testing the hypothesis whereby discs in more massive galaxies are assembled first; and (iii) characterising the history of external gas accretion in disc galaxies. We present details on the sample selection, observations, data reduction…
Spatially resolved studies of high redshift galaxies, an essential insight into galaxy formation processes, have been mostly limited to stacking or unusually bright objects. We present here the study of a typical (L$^{*}$, M$_\star$ = 6 $\times 10^9$ $M_\odot$) young lensed galaxy at $z=3.5$, observed with MUSE, for which we obtain 2D resolved spatial information of Ly$α$ and, for the first time, of CIII] emission. The exceptional signal-to-noise of the data reveals UV emission and absorption lines rarely seen at these redshifts, allowing us to derive important physical properties (T$_e\sim$15…
We discuss the nature and physical properties of gas-mass selected galaxies in the ALMA spectroscopic survey (ASPECS) of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF). We capitalize on the deep optical integral-field spectroscopy from the MUSE HUDF Survey and multi-wavelength data to uniquely associate all 16 line-emitters, detected in the ALMA data without preselection, with rotational transitions of carbon monoxide (CO). We identify ten as CO(2-1) at $1 < z < 2$, five as CO(3-2) at $2 < z < 3$ and one as CO(4-3) at $z = 3.6$. Using the MUSE data as a prior, we identify two additional CO(2-1)-emitters, …
MUSE Study of Two Giant Low-surface-brightness Galaxies with Compact Satellites
Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow M.V. Lomonosov State University（莫斯科罗蒙诺索夫国立大学斯特恩伯格天文研究所）；Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg（海德堡大学天文学计算中心）；Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange（蔚蓝海岸大学、蔚蓝海岸天文台、法国国家科学研究中心拉格朗日实验室）；Center for Astrophysics — Harvard and Smithsonian（哈佛-史密森尼天体物理中心）；Faculty of Physics and Earth System Sciences, Leipzig University（莱比锡大学物理与地球系统科学学院）；Faculty of Physics, Moscow M.V. Lomonosov State University（莫斯科罗蒙诺索夫国立大学物理学院）
Clues to the formation and evolution of Nuclear Star Clusters (NSCs) lie in their stellar populations. However, these structures are often very faint compared to their host galaxy, and spectroscopic analysis of NSCs is hampered by contamination of light from the rest of the system. With the introduction of wide-field IFU spectrographs, new techniques have been developed to model the light from different components within galaxies, making it possible to cleanly extract the spectra of the NSCs and study their properties with minimal contamination from the light of the rest of the galaxy. This wo…
We present a statistical analysis of the environments of 11 supernovae (SNe) which occurred in 6 nearby galaxies (z $\lesssim$ 0.016). All galaxies were observed with MUSE, the high spatial resolution integral field spectrograph mounted to the 8m VLT UT4. These data enable us to map the full spatial extent of host galaxies up to $\sim$3 effective radii. In this way, not only can one characterise the specific host environment of each SN, one can compare their properties with stellar populations within the full range of other environments within the host. We present a method that consists of sel…
Studies of nucleated dwarf galaxies can constrain the scenarios for the formation and evolution of nuclear star clusters (NSC) in low-mass galaxies and give us insights on the origin of ultra compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs). We report the discovery of a NSC in the dwarf galaxy KKs58 and investigate its properties together with those of another NSC in KK197. Both NSCs are hosted by dwarf elliptical galaxies of the Centaurus group. Combining ESO VLT MUSE data with photometry from VLT FORS2, CTIO Blanco DECam, and HST ACS, as well as high-resolution spectroscopy from VLT UVES, we analyse the photom…
Tidal pre-conditioning and ram-pressure stripping in NGC 1427A. Deep VLT/MUSE spectroscopy and FUV-to-radio observations trace a Fornax Cluster dwarf in transformation
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile（智利天主教 Pontificia 大学）；Centro Espacial Nacional, Fuerza Aérea de Chile（智利空军国家航天中心）；University of Vienna（维也纳大学）；European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）；University of Minnesota（明尼苏达大学）；Carnegie Observatories（卡内基观测站）；Gemini Observatory（双子座天文台）；Universidad Diego Portales（迭戈·波特莱斯大学）
The relationship between warm and hot gas-phase metallicity in massive elliptical galaxies and the influence of AGN feedback
Universidad de Santiago de Chile（圣地亚哥智利大学）；University of Kentucky（肯塔基大学）；NASA-Ames Research Center（美国国家航空航天局艾姆斯研究中心）；University of Nottingham（诺丁汉大学）；University of Modena & Reggio Emilia（摩德纳与雷焦艾米利亚大学）；Observatoire de Paris（巴黎天文台）；Collége de France（法兰西学院）；PSL University（巴黎文理研究大学）；Sorbonne University（索邦大学）；University of Alabama in Huntsville（阿拉巴马大学亨茨维尔分校）；Universidad de Tarapacá（塔拉帕卡大学）
We present comprehensive multi-component dynamical models of M54 (NGC6715), the nuclear star cluster of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy (Sgr), which is undergoing a tidal disruption in the Milky Way halo. Previous papers in the series used a large MUSE mosaic data set to identify multiple stellar populations in the system and study their kinematic differences. Here we use Jeans-based dynamical models that fit the population properties (mean age and metallicity), spatial distributions, and kinematics simultaneously. They provide a solid physical explanation to our previous findings. The population…
MUSEQuBES: Investigating the Physical and Chemical Properties of Circumgalactic Gas Around Ly$α$ Emitters at $z \approx 3.3$
IUCAA（印度天体物理研究与教育中心）；Leiden Observatory, Leiden University（莱顿大学莱顿天文台）；Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan（密歇根大学天文学系）；Department of Physics, University of Milan Bicocca（米兰比可卡大学物理学系）
Nuclear star clusters (NSCs) are found in at least 70% of all galaxies, but their formation path is still unclear. In the most common scenarios, NSCs form in-situ from the galaxy's central gas reservoir, through merging of globular clusters (GCs), or through a combination of the two. As the scenarios pose different expectations for angular momentum and stellar population properties of the NSC in comparison to the host galaxy and the GC system, it is necessary to characterise the stellar light, NSC and GCs simultaneously. The large NSC (r$_\rm{eff} = 66$ pc) and rich GC system of the early-type…
$ω$ Cen is a rare example of a globular cluster where the iron abundance of the stars spans more than one order of magnitude. Many spectroscopic investigations of its red-giant- and sub-giant- branches have revealed multiple peaks in the iron abundance distribution. The metallicity distribution of main-sequence (MS) stars is not well characterized yet, due to the faintness of the stars and lack of data. So far, almost all studies of MS stars are based on photometric measurements. Our goal is to investigate the metallicity distribution of a statistically significant sample of MS stars in $ω$ Ce…
Stellar populations in barred galaxies save an imprint of the influence of the bar on the host galaxy's evolution. We present a detailed analysis of star formation histories (SFHs) and chemical enrichment of stellar populations in nine nearby barred galaxies from the TIMER project. We use integral field observations with the MUSE instrument to derive unprecedented spatially resolved maps of stellar ages, metallicities, [Mg/Fe] abundances and SFHs, as well as H$α$ as a tracer of ongoing star formation. We find a characteristic V-shaped signature in the SFH perpendicular to the bar major axis wh…
Photometric Metallicities for 367,324 stars of Omega Centauri
Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学前沿天体物理研究所）；School of Physics and Astronomy, Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学物理与天文学院）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame（圣母大学物理与天文系）；Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics – Center for the Evolution of the Elements (JINA-CEE)（核天体物理联合中心——元素演化中心）
Studying the flow of baryons into and out of galaxies is an important part of understanding the evolution of galaxies over time. We present a detailed case study of the environment around an intervening Ly $α$ absorption line system at $z_{\rm abs} = 0.633$, seen towards the quasar J0423$-$0130 ($z_{\rm QSO} = 0.915$). We detect with ALMA the $^{12}$CO(2--1), $^{12}$CO(3--2) and $1.2$~mm continuum emission from a galaxy at the redshift of the Ly $α$ absorber at a projected distance of $135$ kpc. From the ALMA detections, we infer ISM conditions similar to those in low redshift Luminous Infrare…
We present IFU observations with MUSE@VLT and deep imaging with FORS@VLT of a dwarf galaxy recently formed within the giant collisional HI ring surrounding NGC 5291. This TDG-like object has the characteristics of typical z=1-2 gas-rich spiral galaxies: a high gas fraction, a rather turbulent clumpy ISM, the absence of an old stellar population, a moderate metallicity and star formation efficiency. The MUSE spectra allow us to determine the physical conditions within the various complex substructures revealed by the deep optical images, and to scrutinize at unprecedented spatial resolution the…
Determining star formation histories and age-metallicity relations with convolutional neural networks
Universidad Complutense de Madrid（马德里康普顿斯大学）；Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos, IPARCOS（粒子与宇宙物理研究所，IPARCOS）；Université Côte d’Azur（蔚蓝海岸大学）；Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur（蔚蓝海岸天文台）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；Laboratoire Lagrange（拉格朗日实验室）；Universität Heidelberg（海德堡大学）；Zentrum für Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik（天文学中心，理论天体物理学研究所）；Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen（跨学科科学计算中心）；INAF–Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri（意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切特里天文台）；University of Wyoming（怀俄明大学）；Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias（加那利群岛天体物理研究所）；Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna（拉古纳大学天体物理学系）
We investigate the warm ionized gas in the blue compact galaxy (BCG) Haro 14 by means of integral field spectroscopic observations taken with the MUSE/VLT. The large FoV of MUSE and its unprecedented sensitivity enable observations of the galaxy nebular emission up to large galactocentric distances. This allowed us to trace the ionized gas morphology and ionization structure up to kiloparsec scales and, for the first time, to accurately investigate the excitation mechanism operating in the outskirts of a typical BCG. The intensity and diagnostic maps reveal at least two highly distinct compone…
Evidence of AGN interaction with the IGM is observed in some galaxies and many cool core clusters. Radio jets are suspected to dig large cavities into the surrounding gas. In most cases, very large optical filaments are seen around the central galaxy. The origin of these filaments is still not understood. Star-forming regions are sometimes observed inside the filaments and are interpreted as evidence of positive feedback. Cen A is a nearby galaxy with huge optical filaments aligned with the AGN radio-jet direction. We searched for line ratio variations along the filaments, kinematic evidence o…
SN 2002cx-like Type Ia supernovae (also known as SNe Iax) represent one of the most numerous peculiar SN classes. They differ from normal SNe Ia by having fainter peak magnitudes, faster decline rates and lower photospheric velocities, displaying a wide diversity in these properties. We present both integral-field and long-slit visual-wavelength spectroscopy of the host galaxies and explosion sites of SNe Iax to provide constraints on their progenitor formation scenarios. The SN Iax explosion site metallicity distribution is similar to that of core-collapse (CC) SNe and metal-poor compared to …
We present results from a survey of galaxies in the fields of six z>3 Damped Lyman alpha systems (DLAs) using the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). We report a high detection rate of up to ~80% of galaxies within 1000 km/s from DLAs and with impact parameters between 25 and 280 kpc. In particular, we discovered 5 high-confidence Lyman alpha emitters associated with three DLAs, plus up to 9 additional detections across five of the six fields. The majority of the detections are at relatively large impact parameters (>50 kpc) with two detections being pla…
We discovered a strongly lensed (μ>40) Lya emission at z=6.629 (S/N~18) in the MUSE Deep Lensed Field (MDLF) targeting the Hubble Frontier Field galaxy cluster MACS~J0416. Dedicated lensing simulations imply that the Lya emitting region necessarily crosses the caustic. The arc-like shape of the Lya extends 3 arcsec on the observed plane and is the result of two merged multiple images, each one with a de-lensed Lya luminosity L<~2.8 x 10^(40) erg/s arising from a confined region (< 150 pc effective radius). A spatially unresolved HST counterpart is barely detected at S/N~2 after stacking the ne…
European Southern Observatory (ESO)（欧洲南方天文台）；Ritter Astrophysical Research Center, University of Toledo（托莱多大学里特天体物理研究中心）；Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg（海德堡大学天文学中心天文计算研究所）；INAF — Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri（意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切尔蒂天文台）；Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University（俄亥俄州立大学天文学系）；Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics（宇宙学与高能粒子物理中心）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学物理与天文学系）；International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, University of Western Australia（西澳大利亚大学国际射电天文学研究中心）；Universität Heidelberg, Zentrum für Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik（海德堡大学天文学中心理论天体物理研究所）
We present the first determination of the radial velocities and metallicities of 78 red giant stars in the isolated dwarf irregular galaxy WLM. Observations of the calcium II triplet in these stars were made with FORS2 at the VLT-UT2 in two separated fields of view in WLM, and the [Fe/H] values were conformed to the Carretta & Gratton (1997) metallicity scale. The mean metallicity is <[Fe/H]> = -1.27 +/- 0.04 dex, with a standard deviation of 0.37. We find that the stars in the inner field are more metal rich by [Fe/H] =0.30 +/- 0.06 dex. These results are in agreement with previous photometri…
