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arXiv 1901.04201astro-ph.HE
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用ARGO-YBJ实验搜索太阳极小期期间来自太阳的gamma-ray发射

Search for gamma-ray emission from the Sun during solar minimum with the ARGO-YBJ experiment

B. Bartoli, P. Bernardini, X. J. Bi, Z. Cao, S. Catalanotti, S. Z. Chen, T. L. Chen, S. W. Cui, B. Z. Dai, A. D'Amone, Danzengluobu, I. De Mitri, B. D'Ettorre P… 展开作者

B. Bartoli, P. Bernardini, X. J. Bi, Z. Cao, S. Catalanotti, S. Z. Chen, T. L. Chen, S. W. Cui, B. Z. Dai, A. D'Amone, Danzengluobu, I. De Mitri, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, T. Di Girolamo, G. Di Sciascio, C. F. Feng, Zhaoyang Feng, Zhenyong Feng, W. Gao, Q. B. Gou, Y. Q. Guo, H. H. He, Haibing Hu, Hongbo Hu, M. Iacovacci, R. Iuppa, H. Y. Jia, Labaciren, H. J. Li, Z. Li, C. Liu, J. Liu, M. Y. Liu, H. Lu, L. L. Ma, X. . Ma, G. Mancarella, S. M. Mari, G. Marsella, S. Mastroianni, P. Montini, C. C. Ning, L. Perrone, P. Pistilli, P. Salvini, R. Santonico, P. R. Shen, X. D. Sheng, F. Shi, A. Surdo, Y. H. Tan, P. Vallania, S. Vernetto, C. Vigorito, H. Wang, C. Y. Wu, H. R. Wu, L. Xue, Q. Y. Yang, X. C. Yang, Z. G. Yao, A. F. Yuan, M. Zha, H. M. Zhang, L. Zhang, X. Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, J. Zhao, Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, X. X. Zhou, F. R. Zhu, Q. Q. Zhu

摘要:

宇宙射线与太阳大气的强子相互作用可以产生高能γ射线。伽玛射线光度与初级宇宙射线的通量和太阳磁场的强度都有关系。用$Fermi$观测到了200 GeV以下的γ射线,没有发现明显的能量截止。100 GeV以上的明亮伽马射线通量仅在太阳活动极小期被探测到。TeV范围内唯一可用的数据来自HAWC观测,但在太阳极小期之外。ARGO-YBJ数据集已被用于搜索2008年至2010年太阳活动极小期期间来自太阳的亚TeV/TeV伽马射线,费米数据涵盖的时间段相同。建立了一个包含太阳阴影、日盘辐射和逆康普顿辐射的模型,并利用卡方最小化方法对日盘γ射线信号进行了定量估算。结果表明,未探测到明显的γ射线信号,γ射线通量的上限为0.3 $-$ 7 TeV,置信度为95%。在低能量范围内,这些限制是一致的外推的费米-LAT测量太阳极小期期间,并与软化的伽马射线光谱低于1 TeV的兼容。他们还提供了一个实验上限,任何太阳盘发射TeV的能量。ARGO-YBJ的极限排除了通过长寿命介质预测伽马射线通量> $10^{-7}$ GeV $cm^{-2}$ $s^{-1}$低于1 TeV的暗物质湮灭模型。

英文摘要:

The hadronic interaction of cosmic rays with solar atmosphere can produce high energy gamma rays. The gamma-ray luminosity is correlated both with the flux of primary cosmic rays and the intensity of the solar magnetic field. The gamma rays below 200 GeV have been observed by $Fermi$ without any evident energy cutoff. The bright gamma-ray flux above 100 GeV has been detected only during solar minimum. The only available data in TeV range come from the HAWC observations, however outside the solar minimum. The ARGO-YBJ dataset has been used to search for sub-TeV/TeV gamma rays from the Sun during the solar minimum from 2008 to 2010, the same time period covered by the Fermi data. A suitable model containing the Sun shadow, solar disk emission and inverse-Compton emission has been developed, and the chi-square minimization method was used to quantitatively estimate the disk gamma-ray signal. The result shows that no significant gamma-ray signal is detected and upper limits to the gamma-ray flux at 0.3$-$7 TeV are set at 95\% confidence level. In the low energy range these limits are consistent with the extrapolation of the Fermi-LAT measurements taken during solar minimum and are compatible with a softening of the gamma-ray spectrum below 1 TeV. They provide also an experimental upper bound to any solar disk emission at TeV energies. Models of dark matter annihilation via long-lived mediators predicting gamma-ray fluxes > $10^{-7}$ GeV $cm^{-2}$ $s^{-1}$ below 1 TeV are ruled out by the ARGO-YBJ limits.

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