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arXiv 1812.00518cs.CV
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三维医学图像的弹性边界投影分割

Elastic Boundary Projection for 3D Medical Image Segmentation

Peking University(北京大学);Johns Hopkins University(约翰斯·霍普金斯大学);Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交通大学);Johns Hopkins Medical Institute(约翰斯·霍普金斯医学研究所);Noah’s Ark Lab, Huawei Inc.(华为诺亚方舟实验室)

Tianwei Ni, Lingxi Xie, Huangjie Zheng, Elliot K. Fishman, Alan L. Yuille

摘要:

我们专注于一个重要但具有挑战性的问题:使用2D深度网络处理医学图像分析的3D分割。现有的方法要么应用多视图平面(2D)网络,要么直接使用体积(3D)网络,但这两种方法都不理想:2D网络不能有效地捕获3D上下文,3D网络既消耗内存又不稳定,这可能是由于缺乏预训练模型。在本文中,我们使用一种名为弹性边界投影(EBP)的新方法来弥合2D和3D之间的差距。关键的观察是,虽然对象是一个3D体积,但我们在分割中真正需要的是找到它的边界,这是一个2D表面。因此,我们在3D空间中放置一些枢轴点,对于每个枢轴,我们确定它沿着一组密集方向到对象边界的距离。这将在每个枢轴周围创建一个弹性壳,该壳初始化为一个完美球体。我们训练一个2D深度网络,判断每个端点是否落在物体内,并逐步调整外壳,使其逐渐收敛到边界的实际形状,从而达到分割的目的。EBP允许基于边界的分割,而无需将3D体积切割成切片或补丁,这与传统的2D和3D方法不同。EBP在腹部器官分割中达到了很好的精度。我们的代码已经开源https://github.com/twni2016/Elastic-Boundary-Projection。

英文摘要:

We focus on an important yet challenging problem: using a 2D deep network to deal with 3D segmentation for medical image analysis. Existing approaches either applied multi-view planar (2D) networks or directly used volumetric (3D) networks for this purpose, but both of them are not ideal: 2D networks cannot capture 3D contexts effectively, and 3D networks are both memory-consuming and less stable arguably due to the lack of pre-trained models. In this paper, we bridge the gap between 2D and 3D using a novel approach named Elastic Boundary Projection (EBP). The key observation is that, although the object is a 3D volume, what we really need in segmentation is to find its boundary which is a 2D surface. Therefore, we place a number of pivot points in the 3D space, and for each pivot, we determine its distance to the object boundary along a dense set of directions. This creates an elastic shell around each pivot which is initialized as a perfect sphere. We train a 2D deep network to determine whether each ending point falls within the object, and gradually adjust the shell so that it gradually converges to the actual shape of the boundary and thus achieves the goal of segmentation. EBP allows boundary-based segmentation without cutting a 3D volume into slices or patches, which stands out from conventional 2D and 3D approaches. EBP achieves promising accuracy in abdominal organ segmentation. Our code has been open-sourced https://github.com/twni2016/Elastic-Boundary-Projection.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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