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arXiv 1810.08588stat.AP
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遥感减少空间自相关对使用系统样本的森林清查的基于设计的推断的影响

Remote sensing to reduce the effects of spatial autocorrelation on design-based inference for forest inventory using systematic samples

Chad Babcock, Andrew O. Finley, Timothy G. Gregoire, Hans-Erik Andersen

摘要:

系统抽样常用于森林资源清查估算样地选址。然而,它是不可能的,以获得一个设计无偏方差估计的系统样本使用一个随机开始。因此,许多森林资源调查分析师采用方差估计,设计无偏以下简单随机抽样,他们的系统样本,即使这通常会导致保守的估计误差。我们探讨了空间自相关对系统抽样采用重复抽样时方差估计的影响。我们生成了一个序列的1000个合成人口与空间自相关性不断增加,并重复从每个样本,以研究如何作为空间自相关性的变化估计的性能变化。我们还反复从马萨诸塞州哈佛森林的一棵树的普查地块的样本,并检查类似的估计的性能。结果表明,将简单随机抽样后无偏的方差估计量应用于来自表现出较强空间自相关性的群体的系统样本往往更加保守。我们还发现,将辅助壁到壁协变量,例如,遥感数据,使用广义回归估计,可以减少方差高估解释人口的一些或所有的空间结构。

英文摘要:

Systematic sampling is often used to select plot locations for forest inventory estimation. However, it is not possible to derive a design-unbiased variance estimator for a systematic sample using one random start. As a result, many forest inventory analysts resort to applying variance estimators that are design-unbiased following simple random sampling to their systematic samples even though this typically leads to conservative estimates of error. We explore the influence of spatial autocorrelation on variance estimation when systematic sampling is employed using repeated sampling. We generate a sequence of 1000 synthetic populations with increasing spatial autocorrelation and repeatedly sample from each to examine how the performance of estimators change as spatial autocorrelation changes. We also repeatedly sample from a tree census plot in Harvard Forest, Massachusetts and examine the performance of similar estimators. Results indicate that applying variance estimators that are unbiased following simple random sampling to systematic samples from populations exhibiting stronger spatial autocorrelation tend to be more conservative. We also find that incorporating ancillary wall-to-wall covariates, e.g., remote sensing data, using generalized regression estimators can reduce variance over-estimation by explaining some or all of the spatial structure in the population.

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