arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 1810.01422cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.stat-mechquant-ph
收藏

强量子相互作用阻止准粒子衰变

Strong quantum interactions prevent quasiparticle decay

Ruben Verresen, Frank Pollmann, Roderich Moessner

摘要:

物质的量子态-如固体、磁体和拓扑相-典型地表现出集体激发-声子、磁振子、任意子。这些涉及到系统中许多粒子的运动,然而,值得注意的是,它们的行为就像一个单一的涌现实体-一个准粒子。众所周知,准粒子在最低能量下寿命很长,但常识认为,当它们遇到高能下不可避免的多粒子激发态连续体时,准粒子就会变得不稳定。虽然弱相互作用是正确的,但我们表明,这远远不是故事的全部:强相互作用一般通过将准粒子推出连续体来稳定它们。这个一般机制是直截了当地说明了一个完全可解的模型。使用国家的最先进的数值,我们发现它在工作中也在自旋- $\frac{1}{2}$三角晶格海森堡反铁磁体(TLHAF)附近的各向同性点--这是令人惊讶的,因为在这个范例挫折磁铁的磁振子衰变的共同预期。转向现有的实验数据,我们确定了详细的现象学避免在TLHAF材料Ba $_3$ CoSb $_2$ O $_9$衰变,甚至在液氦-准粒子衰变的最早的实例之一。我们的工作统一了各种现象以上的普遍低能量制度在一个全面的描述。这拓宽了我们理解多体激发的窗口,并为在强相互作用机制中控制和稳定量子物质提供了新的视角。

英文摘要:

Quantum states of matter---such as solids, magnets and topological phases---typically exhibit collective excitations---phonons, magnons, anyons. These involve the motion of many particles in the system, yet, remarkably, act like a single emergent entity---a quasiparticle. Known to be long-lived at the lowest energies, common wisdom says that quasiparticles become unstable when they encounter the inevitable continuum of many-particle excited states at high energies. Whilst correct for weak interactions, we show that this is far from the whole story: strong interactions generically stabilise quasiparticles by pushing them out of the continuum. This general mechanism is straightforwardly illustrated in an exactly solvable model. Using state-of-the-art numerics, we find it at work also in the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ triangular lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet (TLHAF) near the isotropic point---this is surprising given the common expectation of magnon decay in this paradigmatic frustrated magnet. Turning to existing experimental data, we identify the detailed phenomenology of avoided decay in the TLHAF material Ba$_3$CoSb$_2$O$_9$, and even in liquid helium---one of the earliest instances of quasiparticle decay. Our work unifies various phenomena above the universal low-energy regime in a comprehensive description. This broadens our window of understanding of many-body excitations, and provides a new perspective for controlling and stabilising quantum matter in the strongly-interacting regime.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑