真空态场致相变的瞬态和前瞬态阶段
Transient and pre-transient stages in field induced phase transition of vacuum state
摘要：
研究了真空态与含时Sauter脉冲相互作用的场致相变（FIPT）中复序参量的模和相位的演化，分析了序参量的不同演化阶段，准电子-正电子等离子体（QEPP）、瞬态和残余电子-正电子等离子体（REPP）阶段。通过重新审视FIPT中存在的单片和多片的脉冲，我们属性的瞬态阶段的非线性耦合的微分方程的相位和模的序参量的动力学。模量的快速振荡的出现与瞬态阶段的序参量的相位突变有关。研究了线性和二次频率啁啾多片Sauter脉冲的FIPT。QEEP阶段被发现表现出复杂的动力学行为与快速和不规则的振荡，由于频率啁啾。在电场达到最大值之前，在QEPP级的加速段中观察到由于二次频率啁啾而形成的前瞬态区。随着二次啁啾的增加，前瞬态和瞬态阶段移动得更接近电场最大值，这导致两个阶段之间的时间间隔减小。瞬态阶段的早期出现以及随后的REPP阶段的早期出现导致对产生率的提高。
英文摘要：
Evolution of modulus and phase of complex order parameter associated with field induced phase transition (FIPT) of the vacuum state interacting with time dependent Sauter pulse is studied to analyse different evolution stages of the order parameter e.g., quasi electron positron plasma (QEPP), transient, and residual electron-positron plasma (REPP) stages. By revisiting FIPT in presence of single-sheeted and multi-sheeted pulses, we attribute the transient stage to the nonlinear coupling in the differential equations governing the dynamics of the phase and the modulus of the order parameter. The appearance of the rapid oscillations in the modulus is shown to be associated with the abrupt change in the phase of the order parameter in the transient stage. FIPT is also studied for multi-sheeted Sauter pulse with linear and quadratic frequency chirp. QEEP stage is found to show complex dynamical behaviour with fast and irregular oscillations due to the frequency chirp. The formation of pre-transient region due to the quadratic frequency chirping is observed in the accelerating part of the QEPP stage before the electric field attains the maximum value. As the quadratic chirp is increased the pre-transient and transient stages move closer to the electric field maximum which leads to a decrease in temporal separation between the two stages. The early appearance of the transient stage and hence of the following REPP stage results in the enhancement of pair production rate.
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