单晶钛酸锂微谐振器中的高效二次和三次谐波产生
Highly-efficient second and third harmonic generation in a monocrystalline lithium niobate microresonator
摘要：
回音壁模微谐振腔中的非线性光学引起了人们的广泛关注。由于光在小体积中的强限制，WGM微谐振器可以显着提高光场的强度，从而增强光与谐振器材料的非线性相互作用。在这里，我们展示了高效率的二次谐波产生（SHG）和三次谐波产生（THG）在一个芯片上的单晶铌酸锂（LN）微谐振器。利用横电WGM的循环相位匹配方案，在X-cut LN微谐振器中成功实现了利用最大二阶非线性系数d33的非线性波长转换。通过级联和频工艺，我们不仅在倍频（3.8% mW^-1）中获得了高转换效率，而且在三倍频（0.3% mW^-2）中也获得了高转换效率。我们的结果代表了一个重大的一步，向经典和量子光子集成电路。
英文摘要：
Nonlinear optics in whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonators have attracted much attention. Owing to strong confinement of the light in a small volume, a WGM microresonator can dramatically boost the strength of light field, giving rise to enhancement of the nonlinear interactions of light with the resonator material. Here, we demonstrate highly efficient second harmonic generation (SHG) and third harmonic generation (THG) in an on-chip monocrystalline lithium niobate (LN) microresonator. Benefitting from a cyclic phase matching scheme for the transverse-electric WGMs, nonlinear wavelength conversion utilizing the largest second-order nonlinear coefficient d33, which has not been demonstrated until now despite of its obvious advantage, is successfully achieved in an X-cut LN microresonator. We obtain high conversion efficiencies in not only the SHG (3.8% mW^-1) but also the THG (0.3% mW^-2) realized through a cascaded sum-frequency process. Our results represent a major step toward the classical and quantum photonic integrated circuits.
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