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arXiv 1809.01475hep-thhep-ph
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具有电弱对称性和QCD手征对称性破缺的dS沼泽地猜想

The dS swampland conjecture with the electroweak symmetry and QCD chiral symmetry breaking

Kiwoon Choi, Dongjin Chway, Chang Sub Shin

摘要:

dS沼泽地猜想$|\nabla V|/V \geq c$(其中$|\nabla V|/V \geq c$被假定为阶数单位的正常数)意味着我们宇宙的暗能量密度不可能是宇宙学常数,而主要是演化的精华纯量场的势能。由于暗能量包含了电弱对称性破缺和QCD手征对称性破缺的影响,如果dS沼泽地猜想适用于低能的精粹势,那么它也适用于Higgs势和π介子势。另一方面,希格斯和π介子势具有众所周知的dS极值,将dS沼泽地猜想应用于这些dS极值可能会对可行的精髓以及猜想本身提供严格的约束。我们研究了这个问题,发现π dS极值在$\cos(π_0/f_π)=-1$意味着$c\lesssim {\cal O}(10^{-2}-10^{-5})$为$arbitrary$形式的精华潜力和耦合,其中较弱的限制($10^{-2}$)是可用的$only$为一个特定类型的精华,其耦合尊重等效原则,而较强的限制($10^{-5}$)适用于一般的精华违反等效原则。我们还讨论了放松这个约束的可能性与一个额外的标量场,例如,一个轻模量,它有一个失控的行为在π dS极值。我们认为,这种可能性是严重限制了各种观测的限制,没有留下一个空间,以显着放松的约束。我们在$H=0$的希格斯dS极值,这导致在$c$较弱的约束进行了类似的分析。

英文摘要:

The dS swampland conjecture $|\nabla V|/V \geq c$, where $c$ is presumed to be a positive constant of order unity, implies that the dark energy density of our Universe can not be a cosmological constant, but mostly the potential energy of an evolving quintessence scalar field. As the dark energy includes the effects of the electroweak symmetry breaking and the QCD chiral symmetry breaking, if the dS swampland conjecture is applicable for the low energy quintessence potential, it can be applied for the Higgs and pion potential also. On the other hand, the Higgs and pion potential has the well-known dS extrema, and applying the dS swampland conjecture to those dS extrema may provide stringent constraints on the viable quintessence, as well as on the conjecture itself. We examine this issue and find that the pion dS extremum at $\cos(π_0/f_π)=-1$ implies $c\lesssim {\cal O}(10^{-2}-10^{-5})$ for $arbitrary$ form of the quintessence potential and couplings, where the weaker bound ($10^{-2}$) is available $only$ for a specific type of quintessence whose couplings respect the equivalence principle, while the stronger bound ($10^{-5}$) applies for generic quintessence violating the equivalence principle. We also discuss the possibility to relax this bound with an additional scalar field, e.g. a light modulus which has a runaway behavior at the pion dS extremum. We argue that such possibility is severely constrained by a variety of observational constraints which do not leave a room to significantly relax the bound. We make a similar analysis for the Higgs dS extremum at $H=0$, which results in a weaker bound on $c$.

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