Marion Scheepers
We show that it is consistent, relative to the consistency of a strongly inaccessible cardinal, that an instance of the generalized Borel Conjecture introduced in [8] holds while the classical Borel Conjecture fails.
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We prove that the forcing axiom $MA^{1.5}_{\aleph_2}(\mbox{stratified})$ implies $\Box_{ω_1, ω_1}$. Using this implication, we show that the forcing axiom $MM_{\aleph_2}(\aleph_2\mbox{-c.c.})$ is inconsistent. We also derive weak Chang's Conjecture from $MA^{1.5}_{\aleph_2}(\mbox{stratified})$ and use this second implication to give another proof of the inconsistency of $MM_{\aleph_2}(\aleph_2\mbox{-c.c.})$.
We introduce a natural generalization of Borel's Conjecture. For each infinite cardinal number $κ$, let {\sf BC}$_κ$ denote this generalization. Then ${\sf BC}_{\aleph_0}$ is equivalent to the classical Borel conjecture. Assuming the classical Borel conjecture, $\neg{\sf BC}_{\aleph_1}$ is equivalent to the existence of a Kurepa tree of height $\aleph_1$. Using the connection of ${\sf BC}_κ$ with a generalization of Kurepa's Hypothesis, we obtain the following consistency results: (1)If it is consistent that there is a 1-inaccessible cardinal then it is consistent that ${\sf BC}_{\aleph_1}$. (…
Consider the property $(\aleph_{ω+ 1},\aleph_{ω+ 2},\ldots) \twoheadrightarrow (\aleph_1,\aleph_2,\ldots)$. Here we will show that this property with the addition of the General Continuum Hypothesis implies projective determinacy. Of particular interest here is the use of a variant covering argument to prove limited instances of mouse reflection. We believe that this approach could find use for other forms of Chang's Conjecture as well.
Shelah's conjecture fails for higher cardinalities
本文构造编码 $\aleph_{α+1}$-Kurepa 树的 $\mathcal{L}_{ω_1,ω}$-语句，证明在更高基数版本中局部 Hanf 数可不存在，并给出非绝对的合流谱。
Vaught's Conjecture states that if $T$ is a complete first order theory in a countable language that has more than $\aleph_0$ pairwise non-isomorphic countably infinite models, then $T$ has $2^{\aleph_0}$ such models. Morley showed that if $T$ has more than $\aleph_1$ pairwise non-isomorphic countably infinite models, then it has $2^{\aleph_0}$ such models.\\ In this paper, we re-prove Morley's result and prove the corresponding statement for languages without equality, and for theories which are not necessarily complete. Our proof uses algebraic logic, namely the representation theory of cyli…
We prove a revised version of Laver's indestructibility theorem which slightly improves over the classical result. An application yields the consistency of $(κ^+,κ)\notcc(\aleph\_1,\aleph\_0)$ when $κ$ is supercompact. The actual proofs show that $ω\_1$-regressive Kurepa-trees are consistent above a supercompact cardinal even though ${\rm MM}$ destroys them on all regular cardinals. This rather paradoxical fact contradicts the common intuition.
Essential $\aleph_0$-categoricity; i.e., $\aleph_0$-categoricity in some full countable language, is shown to be a robust notion for strongly minimal compact complex manifolds. Characterisations of triviality and essential $\aleph_0$-categoricity are given in terms of complex-analytic automorphisms, in the simply connected case, and correspondences in general. As a consequence it is pointed out that an example of McMullen yields a strongly minimal compact Kähler manifold with trivial geometry but which is not $\aleph_0$-categorical, giving a counterexample to a conjecture of the second author …
The bounded proper forcing axiom BPFA is the statement that for any family of aleph_1 many maximal antichains of a proper forcing notion, each of size aleph_1, there is a directed set meeting all these antichains. A regular cardinal kappa is called {Sigma}_1-reflecting, if for any regular cardinal chi, for all formulas phi, ``H(chi) models `phi ' '' implies ``exists delta < kappa, H(delta) models `phi ' '' We show that BPFA is equivalent to the statement that two nonisomorphic models of size aleph_1 cannot be made isomorphic by a proper forcing notion, and we show that the consistency strength…
The cardinal invariant "Noetherian type" of a topological space $X$ (Nt(X)) was introduced by Peregudov in 1997 to deal with base properties that were studied by the Russian School as early as 1976. We study its behavior in products and box-products of topological spaces. We prove in Section 2: 1) There are spaces $X$ and $Y$ such that $Nt(X \times Y) < \min\{Nt(X), Nt(Y)\}$. 2) In several classes of compact spaces, the Noetherian type is preserved by the operations of forming a square and of passing to a dense subspace. The Noetherian type of the Cantor Cube of weight $\aleph_ω$ with the coun…
We prove the following two results. Theorem A: Let alpha be a limit ordinal. Suppose that 2^{|alpha|}<aleph_alpha and 2^{|alpha|^+}<aleph_{|alpha|^+}, whereas aleph_alpha^{|alpha|}>aleph_{|alpha|^+}. Then for all n< omega and for all bounded X subset aleph_{|alpha|^+}, M_n^#(X) exists. Theorem B: Let kappa be a singular cardinal of uncountable cofinality. If {alpha<kappa| 2^alpha=alpha^+} is stationary as well as co-stationary then for all n< omega and for all bounded X subset kappa, M_n^#(X) exists. Theorem A answers a question of Gitik and Mitchell, and Theorem B yields a lower bound for an …
We investigate the possibilities of global versions of Chang's Conjecture that involve singular cardinals. We show some $\mathrm{ZFC}$ limitations on such principles, and prove relative to large cardinals that Chang's Conjecture can consistently hold between all pairs of limit cardinals below $\aleph_{ω^ω}$.
It is consistent that for every monotonically increasing function f:omega->omega there is a graph with size and chromatic number aleph_1 in which every n-chromatic subgraph has at least f(n) elements (n >= 3). This solves a $250 problem of Erdos. It is also consistent that there is a graph X with Chr(X)=|X|= aleph_1 such that if Y is a graph all whose finite subgraphs occur in X then Chr(Y)<=aleph_2 (so the Taylor conjecture may fail).
We consider the question of which valuation domains (of cardinality aleph_1) have non-standard uniserial modules. We show that a criterion conjectured by Osofsky is independent of ZFC + GCH.
We prove that for every singular cardinal mu of cofinality omega, the complete Boolean algebra compP_mu(mu) contains as a complete subalgebra an isomorphic copy of the collapse algebra Comp Col(omega_1,mu^{aleph_0}). Consequently, adding a generic filter to the quotient algebra P_mu(mu)=P(mu)/[mu]^{<mu} collapses mu^{aleph_0} to aleph_1. Another corollary is that the Baire number of the space U(mu) of all uniform ultrafilters over mu is equal to omega_2. The corollaries affirm two conjectures by Balcar and Simon. The proof uses pcf theory.
The famous Tits' alternative states that a linear group either contains a nonabelian free group or is soluble-by-(locally finite). We study in this paper similar alternatives in pseudofinite groups. We show for instance that an $\aleph_{0}$-saturated pseudofinite group either contains a subsemigroup of rank $2$ or is nilpotent-by-(uniformly locally finite). We call a class of finite groups $G$ weakly of bounded rank if the radical $rad(G)$ has a bounded Prüfer rank and the index of the sockel of $G/rad(G)$ is bounded. We show that an $\aleph_{0}$-saturated pseudo-(finite weakly of bounded rank…
We show that if $γ\in ω\cup \{\aleph_{0}\}$ and $\mathcal{A}$ is a counterexample to the analytic Vaught conjecture having exactly $γ$ many models of Scott rank $ω_{1}$, then there exists a club $C \subseteq ω_{1}$ such that $\mathcal{A}$ has exactly $γ$ many models of Scott rank $α$, for each $α\in C$.
Bounded stationary reflection at a cardinal $λ$ is the assertion that every stationary subset of $λ$ reflects but there is a stationary subset of $λ$ that does not reflect at arbitrarily high cofinalities. We produce a variety of models in which bounded stationary reflection holds. These include models in which bounded stationary reflection holds at the successor of every singular cardinal $μ> \aleph_ω$ and models in which bounded stationary reflection holds at $μ^+$ but the approachability property fails at $μ$.
We show that the Dual Borel Conjecture implies that ${\mathfrak d}> \aleph_1$ and find some topological characterizations of perfectly meager and universally meager sets.
In [5], Hjorth proved that for every countable ordinal $α$, there exists a complete $\mathcal{L}_{ω_1,ω}$-sentence $ϕ_α$ that has models of all cardinalities less than or equal to $\aleph_α$, but no models of cardinality $\aleph_{α+1}$. Unfortunately, his solution does not yield a single $\mathcal{L}_{ω_1,ω}$-sentence $ϕ_α$, but a set of $\mathcal{L}_{ω_1,ω}$-sentences, one of which is guaranteed to work. It was conjectured in [9] that it is independent of the axioms of ZFC which of these sentences has the desired property. In the present paper, we prove that this conjecture is true. More spec…
We denote by Conc(L) the semilattice of all finitely generated congruences of a lattice L. For varieties (i.e., equational classes) V and W of lattices such that V is contained neither in W nor its dual, and such that every simple member of W contains a prime interval, we prove that there exists a bounded lattice A in V with at most aleph 2 elements such that Conc(A) is not isomorphic to Conc(B) for any B in W. The bound aleph 2 is optimal. As a corollary of our results, there are continuum many congruence classes of locally finite varieties of (bounded) modular lattices.
We prove that no quantifier-free formula in the language of group theory can define the $\aleph_1$-half graph in a Polish group, thus generalising some results from [6]. We then pose some questions on the space of groups of automorphisms of a given Borel complete class, and observe that this space must contain at least one uncountable group. Finally, we prove some results on the structure of the group of automorphisms of a locally finite group: firstly, we prove that it is not the case that every group of automorphisms of a graph of power $λ$ is the group of automorphism of a locally finite gr…
A counterexample to Vaught's Conjecture for $L_{ω_1,ω}$
该研究构造了$L_{ω_1,ω}$的一个句子，其可数模型数为$\aleph_1$且无完美非同构模型，反驳了Vaught猜想，相关证明已在Lean中形式化验证。
We show that if A is a linear order then Th(A) is either $\aleph_0$-categorical or Borel complete (in the sense of Friedman and Stanley). We generalize this; if A has countably many unary predicates attached, then Th(A) is $\aleph_0$-categorical, has finitely many countable models (at least three), is Borel equivalent to equality on the reals, is Borel equivalent to "countable sets of reals," or is Borel complete. Furthermore, each of these cases corresponds in a natural way to a count of models of all sizes, up to back-and-forth equivalence. All these cases are possible and we compute precise…
On non-isomorphic universal sofic groups
本文证明了存在 $2^{\aleph_0}$ 个非同构的泛型sofic群，证实了Simon Thomas的一个猜想。
We show that the condition of being categorical in a tail of cardinals can be characterized algebraically for several classes of modules. $Theorem.$ Assume $R$ is an associative ring with unity. 1. The class of locally pure-injective $R$-modules is $λ$-categorical in $all$ $λ> |R|+\aleph_0$ if and only if $R \cong M_n(D)$ for $D$ a division ring and $n \geq 1$. 2. The class of flat $R$-modules is $λ$-categorical in $all$ $λ> |R| + \aleph_0$ if and only if $R \cong M_n(k)$ for $k$ a local ring such that its maximal ideal is left $T$-nilpotent and $n \geq 1$. 3. Assume $R$ is a commutative ring.…
A model for global compactness
本文在超可compact基数一致性的假设下，构造了一个集合论模型，其中每个奇异基数λ上存在一个均匀超滤子，满足对于所有比λ的紧致度大的基数θ，该超滤子是θ-不可分解的，并展示了色数紧致性的实例，推翻Hedetniemi猜想的反例在ZFC中的最优性。
Compactness for small cardinals in mathematics: principles, consequences, and limitations
本文讨论小正则基数（如ω_n、ℵ_{ω+1}等）的紧致性原理，分为逻辑原理（树性质）和数学原理（图、群、拓扑空间的紧致性），重点研究这些原理在力迫扩张中的不可破坏性，并观察传统问题（如Suslin假设、Whitehead猜想）与ω_2处最强紧致性形式的独立性。
We study the spectrum of forcing notions between the iterations of $σ$-closed followed by ccc forcings and the proper forcings. This includes the hierarchy of $α$-proper forcings for indecomposable countable ordinals as well as the Axiom A forcings. We focus on the bounded forcing axioms for the hierarchy of $α$-proper forcings and connect them to a hierarchy of weak club guessing principles. We show that they are, in a sense, dual to each other. In particular, these weak club guessing principles separate the bounded forcing axioms for distinct countable indecomposable ordinals. In the study o…
Topological dynamics and the complexity of strong types
该研究通过拓扑动力学与Galois群的关系，探讨了强类型复杂性，并给出了关于有界不变等价关系的三元分类结果。
Strong ergodicity phenomena for Bernoulli shifts of bounded algebraic dimension
该文研究有界代数维数Polish置换群的Bernoulli移位的泛型遍历性，给出判定准则，用于证明Borel归约层级的严格递增性并构造新的不可归约等价关系，证明基于局部有限群对应的对称模型支撑理论。
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