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arXiv 1808.00531astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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Cas A中心致密天体快速冷却的上限

Upper limits on the rapid cooling of the Central Compact Object in Cas A

B. Posselt, G. G. Pavlov

摘要:

仙后座A超新星遗迹中的中央致密天体(CCO)很可能是一颗非常年轻($\approx 300$ yr)的中子星。如果先前报道的它的表面温度在10年内下降4%的说法能够得到证实,这将对中子星物理学产生深远的理论影响。然而,温度下降推断钱德拉ACIS数据受仪器的影响,可能会导致随时间变化的光谱失真。采用不同的仪器设置,最大限度地减少光谱失真,我们的2006年和2012年钱德拉光谱的CCO没有显示出统计上显着的温度下降。在这里,我们介绍了2015年在相同仪器模式下进行的额外观测。在8.5年的时间跨度,我们没有发现显着的温度下降,使用碳或氢的大气模型中的X射线光谱拟合。我们保守的$3σ$上限分别对应于碳气氛模型在10年内的$<3.3$ %和$<2.4$ %温度下降,分别与吸收氢柱密度的变化或恒定值拟合。最近修订的ACIS过滤器污染物模型对拟合结果有很大影响,降低了以前报告的温度和流量变化的重要性。我们预计,进一步改进的污染物模型和更长的时间覆盖范围可以显着降低未来的上限。

英文摘要:

The Central Compact Object (CCO) in the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant is most likely a very young ($\approx 300$ yr) neutron star. If a previously reported decrease of its surface temperature by 4% in 10 years could be confirmed, it would have profound theoretical implications for neutron star physics. However, the temperature decrease was inferred from Chandra ACIS data affected by instrumental effects which could cause time-dependent spectral distortions. Employing a different instrument setup which minimizes spectral distortions, our 2006 and 2012 Chandra spectra of the CCO did not show a statistically significant temperature decrease. Here, we present additional observations from 2015 taken in the same instrument mode. During the time span of 8.5 years, we detect no significant temperature decrease, using either carbon or hydrogen atmosphere models in the X-ray spectral fits. Our conservative $3σ$ upper limits correspond to $<3.3$% and $<2.4$% temperature decrease in 10 years for carbon atmosphere model fits with varying or constant values of the absorbing hydrogen column density, respectively. The recently revised model for the ACIS filter contaminant has a strong effect on the fit results, reducing the significance of the previously reported temperature and flux changes. We expect that a further improved contaminant model and longer time coverage can significantly lower the upper limits in the future.

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