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arXiv 1807.06504astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phhep-th
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利用来自耀变体的高能中微子对爱因斯坦弱等效原理和洛伦兹不变性的多信使检验

Multimessenger Tests of Einstein's Weak Equivalence Principle and Lorentz Invariance with a High-energy Neutrino from a Flaring Blazar

Jun-Jie Wei, Bin-Bin Zhang, Lang Shao, He Gao, Ye Li, Qian-Qing Yin, Xue-Feng Wu, Xiang-Yu Wang, Bing Zhang, Zi-Gao Dai

摘要:

高能($\sim290$ TeV)中微子的探测与耀变体TXS 0506+056相一致,这是迄今为止第一个也是唯一的$3σ$中微子源关联,为弱等效原理(WEP)和洛伦兹不变性提供了新的多信使检验。假设来自耀变体耀斑的TeV中微子和γ射线光子之间的飞行时间差主要是由Laniakea超星系团的引力势引起的,我们证明了中微子和光子与WEP的偏差保守地限制在$10^{-6}-10^{-7}$的精度,这比以前用超新星1987 A的MeV中微子给出的结果好3- 4个数量级。此外,我们证明了TeV中微子与耀变体耀斑的关联限制了线性和二次违反洛伦兹不变性(LIV)到$E_{\rm QG, 1}>3.2\times10^{15}-3.7\times10^{16}$ GeV和$E_{\rm QG, 2}>4.0\times10^{10}-1.4\times10^{11}$ GeV的量子引力的能量标度。这些改进以前的限制线性和二次LIV的能量尺度在中微子传播的5- 7个数量级。

英文摘要:

The detection of the high-energy ($\sim290$ TeV) neutrino coincident with the flaring blazar TXS 0506+056, the first and only $3σ$ neutrino-source association to date, provides new, multimessenger tests of the weak equivalence principle (WEP) and Lorentz invariance. Assuming that the flight time difference between the TeV neutrino and gamma-ray photons from the blazar flare is mainly caused by the gravitational potential of the Laniakea supercluster of galaxies, we show that the deviation from the WEP for neutrinos and photons is conservatively constrained to have an accuracy of $10^{-6}-10^{-7}$, which is 3--4 orders of magnitude better than previous results placed by MeV neutrinos from supernova 1987A. In addition, we demonstrate that the association of the TeV neutrino with the blazar flare sets limits on the energy scales of quantum gravity for both linear and quadratic violations of Lorentz invariance (LIV) to $E_{\rm QG, 1}>3.2\times10^{15}-3.7\times10^{16}$ GeV and $E_{\rm QG, 2}>4.0\times10^{10}-1.4\times10^{11}$ GeV. These improve previous limits on both linear and quadratic LIV energy scales in neutrino propagation by 5--7 orders of magnitude.

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