两粒子纠缠的位置关联和动量关联实验表征
Experimental Characterization of Two-Particle Entanglement through Position and Momentum Correlations
摘要：
量子模拟是一种快速发展的工具，可以深入了解复杂的量子态及其动力学。囚禁离子系统开创了确定性状态制备和全面的状态表征，对局部的，因此可区分的粒子进行操作。利用超冷原子实验，人们可以制备大量的离域粒子样品，但是还没有达到相同水平的表征。在这里，我们提出了一种方法来测量单个粒子的位置和动量，以获得相关性和相干性。我们证明了这一点，确定性制备的样品中的两个相互作用的超冷费米子耦合双井。作为第一个应用，我们使用我们的技术来证明和量化不同类型的纠缠。
英文摘要：
Quantum simulation is a rapidly advancing tool to gain insight into complex quantum states and their dynamics. Trapped ion systems have pioneered deterministic state preparation and comprehensive state characterization, operating on localized and thus distinguishable particles. With ultracold atom experiments, one can prepare large samples of delocalized particles, but the same level of characterization has not yet been achieved. Here, we present a method to measure the positions and momenta of individual particles to obtain correlations and coherences. We demonstrate this with deterministically prepared samples of two interacting ultracold fermions in a coupled double well. As a first application, we use our technique to certify and quantify different types of entanglement.
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