Search for high-energy neutrinos in coincidence with Fast Radio Bursts with the ANTARES neutrino telescope
A. Albert, M. André, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, M. Ardid, J. -J. Aubert, J. Aublin, T. Avgitas, B. Baret, J. Barrios-Martí, S. Basa, B. Belhorma, V. Bertin, S. Bi… 展开作者
A. Albert, M. André, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, M. Ardid, J. -J. Aubert, J. Aublin, T. Avgitas, B. Baret, J. Barrios-Martí, S. Basa, B. Belhorma, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, R. Bormuth, J. Boumaaza, S. Bourret, M. C. Bouwhuis, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, J. Busto, A. Capone, L. Caramete, J. Carr, S. Celli, M. Chabab, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, M. Colomer, R. Coniglione, H. Costantini, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A. F. Díaz, A. Deschamps, C. Distefano, I. Di Palma, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, I. El Bojaddaini, N. El Khayati, D. Elsässer, A. Enzenhöfer, A. Ettahiri, F. Fassi, I. Felis, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, L. Fusco, P. Gay, H. Glotin, T. Grégoire, R. Gracia-Ruiz, K. Graf, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, A. J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J. J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, J. Hofestädt, G. Illuminati, C. W. James, M. de Jong, M. Jongen, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, U. Katz, A. Kouchner, M. Kreter, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, C. Lachaud, R. Lahmann, D. Lefèvre, E. Leonora, G. Levi, M. Lotze, S. Loucatos, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, J. A. Martínez-Mora, R. Mele, K. Melis, P. Migliozzi, A. Moussa, S. Navas, E. Nezri, A. Nuñez, M. Organokov, G. E. Păvălaş, C. Pellegrino, P. Piattelli, V. Popa, T. Pradier, L. Quinn, C. Racca, N. Randazzo, G. Riccobene, A. Sánchez-Losa, M. Saldaña, I. Salvadori, D. F. E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, P. Sapienza, F. Schüssler, M. Spurio, Th. Stolarczyk, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, A. Trovato, D. Turpin, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, F. Versari, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, D. Zaborov, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga
In the past decade, a new class of bright transient radio sources with millisecond duration has been discovered. The origin of these so-called Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) is still a great mystery despite the growing observational efforts made by various multi-wavelength and multi-messenger facilities. So far, many models have been proposed to explain FRBs but neither the progenitors nor the radiative and the particle acceleration processes at work have been clearly identified. In this paper, the question whether some hadronic processes may occur in the vicinity of the FRB source is assessed. If so, FRBs may contribute to the high energy cosmic-ray and neutrino fluxes. A search for these hadronic signatures has been done using the ANTARES neutrino telescope. The analysis consists in looking for high-energy neutrinos, in the TeV-PeV regime, spatially and temporally coincident with the detected FRBs. Most of the FRBs discovered in the period 2013-2017 were in the field of view of the ANTARES detector, which is sensitive mostly to events originating from the Southern hemisphere. From this period, 12 FRBs have been selected and no coincident neutrino candidate was observed. Upper limits on the per burst neutrino fluence have been derived using a power law spectrum, $\rm{\frac{dN}{dE_ν}\propto E_ν^{-γ}}$, for the incoming neutrino flux, assuming spectral indexes $γ$ = 1.0, 2.0, 2.5. Finally, the neutrino energy has been constrained by computing the total energy radiated in neutrinos assuming different distances for the FRBs. Constraints on the neutrino fluence and on the energy released are derived from the associated null results.
An updated analysis of a targeted search for high-energy neutrinos from Markarian 421 and Markarian 501 is reported. They are two of the closest and brightest extragalactic sources in the TeV band. In contrast to other types of active galactic nuclei, BL Lacs are characterized by rapid and large-amplitude flux variability. Such radio-loud active galactic nuclei are candidate sources of the observed high-energy cosmic rays. Because their jet is collimated to our line of sight, the hadronic interactions with the surrounding medium can produce an accompanying neutrino and gamma-ray flux. The rece…
The increasing statistics of the high-energy neutrino flux observed by the IceCube Observatory points towards an excess of events above the atmospheric neutrino background in the 30--400 TeV energy range. Such an excess is compatible with the findings of the ANTARES Telescope and it would naturally imply the possibility that more than one source class contributes to the observed flux. Electromagnetically hidden sources have been invoked to interpret this excess of events at low energies. By adopting a unified model for the electromagnetically bright and choked gamma-ray bursts and taking into …
ANTARES is the largest high-energy neutrino telescope in the Northern Hemisphere. This contribution presents the results of a search, based on the ANTARES data collected over 17 months between November 2014 and April 2016, for high energy neutrino emission in coincidence with TeV $γ$-ray flares from Markarian 421 and Markarian 501, two bright BL Lac extragalactic sources highly variable in flux, detected by the HAWC observatory. The analysis is based on an unbinned likelihood-ratio maximization method. The $γ$-ray lightcurves (LC) for each source were used to search for temporally correlated n…
A primary goal of a deep-sea neutrino telescopes as ANTARES is the search for astrophysical neutrinos in the TeV-PeV range. ANTARES is today the largest neutrino telescope in the Northern hemisphere. After the discovery of a cosmic neutrino diffuse flux by the IceCube, the understanding of its origin has become a key mission in high-energy astrophysics. ANTARES makes a valuable contribution for sources located in the Southern sky thanks to its excellent angular resolution in both the muon channel and the cascade channel (induced by all neutrino flavors). Assuming various spectral indexes for t…
A search for high-energy neutrino emission correlated with gamma-ray bursts outside the electromagnetic prompt-emission time window is presented. Using a stacking approach of the time delays between reported gamma-ray burst alerts and spatially coincident muon-neutrino signatures, data from the Antares neutrino telescope recorded between 2007 and 2012 are analysed. One year of public data from the IceCube detector between 2008 and 2009 have been also investigated. The respective timing profiles are scanned for statistically significant accumulations within 40 days of the Gamma Ray Burst, as ex…
In the quest for high-energy neutrino sources, the Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network (AMON) has implemented a new search by combining data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory and the Astronomy with a Neutrino Telescope and Abyss environmental RESearch (ANTARES) neutrino telescope. Using the same analysis strategy as in a previous detector combination of HAWC and IceCube data, we perform a search for coincidences in HAWC and ANTARES events that are below the threshold for sending public alerts in each individual detector. Data were collected between July 201…
We use realistic Monte-Carlo simulations including both gravitational-wave and short gamma-ray burst selection effects to revisit the coincident rate of binary systems composed of two neutron stars or a neutron star and a black hole. We show that the fraction of GW triggers that can be observed in coincidence with sGRBs is proportional to the beaming factor at $z=0$, but increases with the distance, until it reaches 100 \% at the GW detector horizon distance. When this is taken into account the rate is improved by a factor of $~3$ compared to the simple beaming factor correction. We provide an…
Strong bursts from the anomalous X-ray pulsar 1E 1547.0-5408 observed with the INTEGRAL/SPI Anti-Coincidence Shield
2009年1月，不同的卫星从异常X射线脉冲星1 E 1547.0-5408的方向探测到多次短时间的软伽马射线爆发。在这里，我们报告的观测结果与INTEGRAL SPI-ACS探测器在最强的爆发活动期间。1月22日，在几个小时内探测到200多个能量超过80 keV的爆发。其中，两个非常明亮的事件显示出持续数秒的脉动尾部，并在1 E 1547.0-5408的2.1秒自旋周期进行调制。在这些爆发中，最亮的爆发释放的能量只有几个10^43尔格，假设距离为10千秒差距。这比从软伽马射线中继站观测到的三个巨型耀斑要小，但比从软伽马射线中继站和异常X射线中继站观测到的典型爆发要高。
The first gamma-ray burst detections by Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes have been recently announced: GRB 190114C, detected by MAGIC, GRB 180720B and GRB 190829A, observed by H.E.S.S. A dedicated search for neutrinos in space and time coincidence with the gamma-ray emission observed by IACTs has been performed using ANTARES data. The search covers both the prompt and afterglow phases, yielding no neutrinos in coincidence with the three GRBs studied. Upper limits on the energetics of the neutrino emission are inferred. The resulting upper limits are several orders of magnitude above th…
In the fall of 2015 the first scientific observing run (O1) of the advanced LIGO detectors will be conducted. Based on the recent commissioning progress at the LIGO Hanford and Livingston sites, the gravitational wave detector range for a neutron star binary inspiral is expected to be of order 60 Mpc. We describe here our planning for an O1 search for coincidence between a LIGO gravitational wave detection and a gamma-ray signal from the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor. Such a coincidence would constitute measurement of an electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational wave signal, with signific…
Gamma-ray bursts are thought to be sites of hadronic acceleration, thus neutrinos are expected from the decay of charged particles, produced in pγ interactions. The methods and results of a search for muon neutrinos in the data of the ANTARES neutrino telescope from four bright GRBs (GRB 080916C, GRB 110918A, GRB 130427A and GRB 130505A) observed between 2008 and 2013 are presented. Two scenarios of the fireball model have been investigated: the internal shock scenario, leading to the production of neutrinos with energies mainly above 100 TeV, and the photospheric scenario, characterised by a …
A search for astrophysical point-like neutrino sources using the data collected by the ANTARES detector between January 29, 2007 and December 31, 2017 is presented. A likelihood stacking method is used to assess the significance of an excess of muon neutrinos inducing track-like events in correlation with the location of a list of possible sources. Different sets of objects are tested in the analysis: a) a sub-sample of the \textit{Fermi} 3LAC catalog of blazars, b) a jet-obscured AGN population, c) a sample of soft gamma-ray selected radio galaxies, d) a star-forming galaxy catalog , and e) a…
ANTARES is currently the largest neutrino telescope operating in the Northern Hemisphere, aiming at the detection of high-energy neutrinos from astrophysical sources. Neutrino telescopes constantly monitor at least one complete hemisphere of the sky, and are thus well-suited to detect neutrinos produced in transient astrophysical sources. A timedependent search has been applied to a list of 33 x-ray binaries undergoing high flaring activities in satellite data (RXTE/ASM, MAXI and Swift/BAT) and during hardness transition states in the 2008-2012 period. The background originating from interacti…
High-energy neutrinos could be produced in the interaction of charged cosmic rays with matter or radiation surrounding astrophysical sources. Even with the recent detection of extraterrestrial high-energy neutrinos by the IceCube experiment, no astrophysical neutrino source has yet been discovered. Transient sources, such as gamma-ray bursts, core-collapse supernovae, or active galactic nuclei are promising candidates. Multi-messenger programs offer a unique opportunity to detect these transient sources. By combining the information provided by the ANTARES neutrino telescope with information c…
Addressing the origin of the astrophysical neutrino flux observed by IceCube is of paramount importance. Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are among the few astrophysical sources capable of achieving the required energy to contribute to such neutrino flux through p$γ$ interactions. In this work, ANTARES data have been used to search for upward going muon neutrinos in spatial and temporal coincidence with 784 GRBs occurred from 2007 to 2017. For each GRB, the expected neutrino flux has been calculated in the framework of the internal shock model and the impact of the lack of knowledge on the majority of …
The strong constraints from the Fermi-LAT data on the isotropic gamma-ray background suggest that the neutrinos observed by IceCube might possibly come from sources that are hidden to gamma-ray observations. A possibility recently discussed in the literature is that neutrinos may come from jets of collapsing massive stars which fail to break out of the stellar envelope, and for this reason they are known as choked jets, or choked Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). In this paper, we estimate the neutrino flux and spectrum expected from these sources, focusing on Type II SNe. We perform detailed calculati…
The results of three different searches for neutrino candidates, associated with the IceCube-170922A event or from the direction of TXS 0506+056, by the ANTARES neutrino telescope are presented. The first search refers to the online follow-up of the IceCube alert; the second is based on the standard time-integrated method employed by the Collaboration to search for point-like neutrino sources; the third uses the information from the IceCube time-dependent analysis reporting a bursting activity centered on December 13, 2014, as input for an ANTARES time-dependent analysis. The online follow-up …
We present results of an archival coincidence analysis between Fermi LAT gamma-ray data and public neutrino data from the IceCube neutrino observatory's 40-string (IC40) and 59-string (IC59) observing runs. Our analysis has the potential to detect either a statistical excess of neutrino + gamma-ray ($ν$+$γ$) emitting transients or, alternatively, individual high gamma-multiplicity events, as might be produced by a neutrino observed by IceCube coinciding with a LAT-detected gamma-ray burst. Dividing the neutrino data into three datasets by hemisphere (IC40, IC59-North, and IC59-South), we const…
Lyutikov (2002) predicted "radio emission from soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs) during their bursting activity". Detection of a Mega-Jansky radio burst in temporal coincidence with high energy bursts from a Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154 confirms that prediction. Similarity of this radio event with Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) suggests that FRBs are produced within magnetar magnetospheres. We demonstrate that SGR 1935+2154 satisfies the previously derived constraints on the physical parameters at the FRBs' loci. Coherent radio emission is generated in the inner parts of the magnetosphere at $r< 10…
We analyze 7.3 years of ANTARES high-energy neutrino and Fermi LAT γ-ray data in search of cosmic neutrino + γ-ray (ν+γ) transient sources or source populations. Our analysis has the potential to detect either individual ν+γ transient sources (durations δt < 1000~s), if they exhibit sufficient γ-ray or neutrino multiplicity, or a statistical excess of ν+γ transients of lower multiplicities. Treating ANTARES track and cascade event types separately, we establish detection thresholds by Monte Carlo scrambling of the neutrino data, and determine our analysis sensitivity by signal injection agains…
In the past years, the IceCube Collaboration has reported in several analyses the observation of astrophysical high-energy neutrino events. Despite a compelling evidence for the first identification of a neutrino source, TXS 0506+056, the origin of the majority of these events is still unknown. In this paper, a possible transient origin of the IceCube astrophysical events is searched for using neutrino events detected by the ANTARES telescope. The arrival time and direction of 6894 track-like and 160 shower-like events detected over 2346 days of livetime are examined to search for coincidences…
While the Pierre Auger Observatory is a very successful instrument for ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) detection, it is increasingly used as part of various types of multi-messenger searches, in which it contributes with searches for air showers induced by atomic nuclei, neutrons, photons, and neutrinos. We present an overview of the multi-messenger activities of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The overview includes: searches for ultra-high energy photons and neutrinos detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory in coincidence with gravitational wave events detected by LIGO and Virgo; searches…
An offline search for a neutrino counterpart to gravitational-wave (GW) events detected during the second observation run (O2) of Advanced-LIGO and Advanced-Virgo performed with ANTARES data is presented. In addition to the search for long tracks induced by $ν_μ$ ($\barν_μ$) charged current interactions, a search for showering events induced by interactions of neutrinos of any flavour is conducted. The severe spatial and time coincidence provided by the gravitational-wave alert allows regions above the detector horizon to be probed, extending the ANTARES sensitivity over the entire sky. The re…
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are short (millisecond) radio pulses originating from enigmatic sources at extragalactic distances so far lacking a detection in other energy bands. Magnetized neutron stars (magnetars) have been considered as the sources powering the FRBs, but the connection is controversial because of differing energetics and the lack of radio and X-ray detections with similar characteristics in the two classes. We report here the detection by the AGILE satellite on April 28, 2020 of an X-ray burst in coincidence with the very bright radio burst from the Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+21…
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are mysterious bright millisecond-duration radio bursts at cosmological distances. While young magnetars have been put forward as the leading source candidate, recent observations suggest there may be multiple FRB progenitor classes. It has long been theorised that FRBs could be emitted from compact object mergers - cataclysmic events such as binary neutron star (BNS) mergers that may be detectable in gravitational waves (GWs) by the ground-based Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO)and Virgo. Here we report a potential coincidence between the only…
Assuming neutron star (NS) or neutron star/stellar-mass black hole (BH) mergers as progenitors of the short gamma ray bursts, we derive and demonstrate a simple analysis tool for modelling the efficiency of recovering on-axis optical afterglows triggered by a candidate gravitational wave event detected by the Advanced LIGO and Virgo network. The coincident detection efficiency has been evaluated for different classes of operating telescopes using observations of gamma ray bursts. We show how the efficiency depends on the luminosity distribution of the optical afterglows, the telescope features…
Constraints on the Physical Association between ICECAT1 Neutrinos and Fast Radio Bursts Using the Second CHIME/FRB Catalogue
The University of Tokyo（东京大学）；National Astronomical Observatory of Japan（日本国立天文台）；Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan（水泽甚长基线干涉测量观测站，日本国立天文台）；Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University（国立中兴大学物理学系）；SOKENDAI（综合研究大学院大学）；Tohoku University（东北大学）；Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University（东北大学跨学科前沿研究院）；Astronomical Institute, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University（东北大学理学研究科天文学研究所）
The H.E.S.S. Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescope system is, due to its fast reaction time and its comparably low energy threshold, very well suited to perform follow-up observations of detections at other wavelengths or other messengers like high-energy neutrinos and gravitational waves. These advantages are utilized optimally via a fully automatized system reacting to alerts from various partner observatories covering various wavelengths and astrophysical messengers. In this contribution we'll provide an overview and present recent results from H.E.S.S. programs to follow up on multi-wavelength a…
We report on a systematic search for hard X-ray and gamma-ray emission in coincidence with fast radio bursts (FRBs) observed by the AGILE satellite. We used 13 years of AGILE archival data searching for time coincidences between exposed FRBs and events detectable by the MCAL (0.4-100 MeV) and GRID (50 MeV-30 GeV) detectors at timescales ranging from milliseconds to days/weeks. The current AGILE sky coverage allowed us to extend the search for high-energy emission preceding and following the FRB occurrence. We considered all FRBs sources currently included in catalogues, and identified a sub-sa…
The discovery of a luminous radio burst, FRB 200428, with properties similar to those of fast radio bursts (FRB), in coincidence with an X-ray flare from the Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154, supports magnetar models for cosmological FRBs. The burst's X-ray to radio fluence ratio, as well as the X-ray spectral shape and peak energy, are consistent with FRB 200428 being the result of an ultra-relativistic shock (powered, e.g., by an ejected plasmoid) propagating into a magnetized baryon-rich external medium; the shock simultaneously generates X-ray/gamma-rays via thermal synchrotron emission fro…
Exceptional flaring activity of the anomalous X-ray pulsar 1E 1547.0-5408
2009年1月，我们研究了异常X射线脉冲星1 E 1547.0-5408的异常活动期，在此期间，INTEGRAL探测到约200次爆发。当源在所有INTEGRAL仪器的视野之外时，发生主要活动事件。但我们仍然能够研究光谱仪SPI的反符合屏蔽和成像仪ISGRI的探测器同时探测到的84个爆发的特性。我们发现2009年1月22日1 E 1547.0-5408爆发的亮度> 1 e42 erg/s。这个亮度是可比的软伽马中继（SGR）的爆发，至少是两个数量级以上的亮度比以前报道的爆发从AXP。与SGR爆发类似，1 E 1547.0-5408的最亮爆发由一个持续时间约为100 ms的短尖峰和一个硬光谱组成，随后是一个持续时间为1-10 s的较软的延伸尾部，偶尔会出现源自旋周期约为2 s的脉动。观测到AXP爆发的亮度与SGR爆发的亮度相当，这加强了AXP和SGR是同一源类型的不同代表的猜想。
We discuss coherent free electron laser (FEL) operating during explosive reconnection events in magnetized pair plasma of magnetar magnetospheres. The model explains many salient features of Fast Radio Bursts/magnetars' radio emission: temporal coincidence of radio and high energy bursts, high efficiency of conversion of plasma kinetic energy into coherent radiation, presence of variable, narrow-band emission features drifting down in frequency, high degree of linear polarization. The model relies on magnetar-specific drifting $e^\pm$ plasma components (which generate wiggler field due to the …
