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arXiv 1807.02747cs.CL
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屈折形态系统的复杂性与类型

On the Complexity and Typology of Inflectional Morphological Systems

Johns Hopkins University(约翰斯·霍普金斯大学);University of Colorado(科罗拉多大学)

Ryan Cotterell, Christo Kirov, Mans Hulden, Jason Eisner

摘要:

我们量化了不同语言形态系统的语言复杂性。我们验证了范式大小和不规则性之间存在一个经验性的权衡:一种语言的屈折范式可能要么是大规模的,要么是高度不规则的,但永远不会两者兼而有之。我们的方法测量范式的不规则性作为一个范式的表面实现的熵--联合预测一个范式的所有表面形式有多难。我们通过变分近似估计这一点。我们的测量是从31个类型学上不同的语言大形态范式。

英文摘要:

We quantify the linguistic complexity of different languages' morphological systems. We verify that there is an empirical trade-off between paradigm size and irregularity: a language's inflectional paradigms may be either large in size or highly irregular, but never both. Our methodology measures paradigm irregularity as the entropy of the surface realization of a paradigm -- how hard it is to jointly predict all the surface forms of a paradigm. We estimate this by a variational approximation. Our measurements are taken on large morphological paradigms from 31 typologically diverse languages.

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