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arXiv 1806.08673astro-ph.GA
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饱和效应对光电离驱动的宽吸收谱线变化的影响

Saturation Effect on Photoionization-driven Broad Absorption Line Variability

Wei-Jian Lu, Ying-Ru Lin

摘要:

我们通过变化现象研究了饱和对宽吸收线(BAL)变异性的影响,该变化现象显示Si IV BAL的显著变化,但C IV BAL没有变化或只有很小的变化(以下称为现象I)。首先,我们探讨了一个典型的情况下,显示现象I,类星体SDSS J153715.74+582933.9(以下简称J1537+5829)。我们确定了四个窄吸收线(NAL)系统内的Si IV BAL和两个额外的NAL系统内的C IV BAL,并确认其协调弱化。结合电离连续谱的明显加强,我们将J1537+5829的BAL变异归因于连续谱变化引起的电离变化。其次,对SDSS-I/II/III多观测类星体进行了统计研究。我们证实了:(1)在74个表现出现象I的类星体中,Si IV BALs的分数变化与连续谱之间存在中等的相关性;(2)表现出BALs变化的样品往往具有较大的电离连续谱变化。这些结果揭示了现象I和BAL变化的连续可变性的普遍影响。我们将现象I中C IV BALs相对缺乏变化归因于饱和效应。尽管如此,这些吸收体在Si IV中不是非常光学厚,并且响应于连续变化的电离变化可能是其变化的主要驱动力。最后,我们发现饱和效应对BAL变异的影响可以很好地解释以前报道的许多BAL变异现象。

英文摘要:

We study the saturation effect on broad absorption line (BAL) variability through a variation phenomenon, which shows significant variation in Si IV BAL but no, or only small, change in C IV BAL (hereafter Phenomenon I). First, we explore a typical case showing Phenomenon I, quasar SDSS J153715.74+582933.9 (hereafter J1537+5829). We identify four narrow absorption line (NAL) systems within its Si IV BAL and two additional NAL systems within its C IV BAL, and confirm their coordinated weakening. Combining with the obvious strengthening of the ionizing continuum, we attribute the BAL variability in J1537+5829 to the ionization changes caused by the continuum variations. Secondly, a statistical study based on multiobserved quasars from SDSS-I/II/III is presented. We confirm that (1) the moderate anticorrelation between the fractional variations of Si IV BALs and the continuum in 74 quasars that show Phenomenon I and (2) the sample showing BAL variations tends to have larger ionizing continuum variations. These results reveal the ubiquitous effect of the continuum variability on Phenomenon I and BAL variation. We attribute the relative lack of variation of C IV BALs in Phenomenon I to the saturation effects. Nonetheless, these absorbers are not very optically thick in Si IV and the ionization changes in response to continuum variations could be the main driver of their variations. Finally, we find that the saturation effect on BAL variability can well explain many phenomena of BAL variations that have been reported before.

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