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arXiv 1806.02259astro-ph.EP
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HD 209458 b逃逸高层大气中的磁化风及其影响

Magnetised winds and their influence in the escaping upper atmosphere of HD 209458b

Carolina Villarreal D'Angelo, Alejandro Esquivel, Matías Schneiter, Mario Agustín Sgró

摘要:

Lyman $α$在系外行星凌日期间的观测已被证明对研究恒星风与行星大气之间的相互作用非常有用。它们已被广泛用于约束行星系中无法直接观测到的参数,如行星的质量损失率。通过这种方式,Ly $α$观测可以成为推断行星磁场存在的有力工具,因为预计后者将影响逃逸的行星物质。为了探索磁场对HD 209458 b的Ly $α$吸收的影响,我们运行了一组包括行星和恒星的偶极磁场的3D MHD模拟。我们假设行星两极的表面磁场值在[0 - 5] G的范围内,恒星两极的磁场值在1到5 G之间。我们的模型还包括碰撞和光电离,辐射复合,和辐射压力的近似。我们的结果表明,行星和恒星的磁场改变了Ly $α$吸收剖面的形状,因为它控制着行星磁层的范围和其中中性物质的数量。最能再现HD 209458 b中观测到的吸收的模型(具有恒星风参数的正则值)对应于在极点处<~1高斯的偶极行星场。

英文摘要:

Lyman $α$ observations during an exoplanet transit have proved to be very useful to study the interaction between the stellar wind and the planetary atmosphere. They have been extensively used to constrain planetary system parameters that are not directly observed, such as the planetary mass loss rate. In this way, Ly $α$ observations can be a powerful tool to infer the existence of a planetary magnetic field, since it is expected that the latter will affect the escaping planetary material. To explore the effect that magnetic fields have on the Ly $α$ absorption of HD 209458b, we run a set of 3D MHD simulations including dipolar magnetic fields for the planet and the star. We assume values for the surface magnetic field at the poles of the planet in the range of [0-5] G, and from 1 to 5 G at the poles of the star. Our models also include collisional and photo-ionisation, radiative recombination, and an approximation for the radiation pressure. Our results show that the magnetic field of the planet and the star change the shape of the Ly $α$ absorption profile, since it controls the extent of the planetary magnetosphere and the amount of neutral material inside it. The model that best reproduces the absorption observed in HD 209458b (with canonical values for the stellar wind parameters) corresponds to a dipole planetary field of <~ 1 gauss at the poles.

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