arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
北美退伍军人节(Veterans Day),12 日无更新
arXiv 1806.01748astro-ph.GA
收藏

银河系中心超大质量黑洞周围的高速分子云

High-speed molecular cloudlets around the Galactic Center supermassive black hole

Javier R. Goicoechea, J. Pety, E. Chapillon, J. Cernicharo, M. Gerin, C. Herrera, M. A. Requena-Torres, M. G. Santa-Maria

摘要:

我们提出了1”分辨率ALMA观测的环核盘(CND)和周围的环境SgrA*。这些图像揭示了银河系中央pc内存在小空间尺度的CO(J=3-2)分子“云团”,它们以高达300 km/s的速度沿视线移动。CO发射结构具有复杂的形态:在高负速度(v_LSR < -150 km/s)下,CO发射结构呈伸展状和扩张状;在极端正速度(v_LSR > +200 km/s)下,CO发射结构呈局部聚集状。基于SgrA* 同步辐射的双光束CO吸收光谱,我们还提出了在更极端的负速度(v_LSR < -200 km/s)下产生吸收特征的扩散气体成分的证据。CND呈聚集性空间分布。它的运动需要一束倾角略有不同的非均匀旋转流。推断的气体密度峰值低于当地的罗氏极限。这支持了CND分子核心是瞬时的。我们应用两个标准的轨道模型,螺旋与椭圆,调用解释周围的SgrA* 电离气体流光的运动学。CO云团的位置和速度与螺旋模型不一致,只有两个符合开普勒椭圆模型。然而,大多数的微云,表现出类似的速度,这是不兼容的运动的电离流光或气体束缚的中心重力。我们推测它们是更大质量的残留物,潮汐破坏,落入空腔的云,或者它们起源于CND内边缘的不稳定性并从那里坠入。SgrA* 周围存在着分子云,质量约为几十个太阳质量。它们中的大多数肯定是短命的:被强烈的恒星辐射场光蒸发,被大质量恒星的风吹走,或者被强大的引力剪切破坏。

英文摘要:

We present 1"-resolution ALMA observations of the circumnuclear disk (CND) and the environment around SgrA*. The images unveil the presence of small spatial scale CO (J=3-2) molecular "cloudlets" within the central pc of the Milky Way, moving at high speeds, up to 300 km/s along the line-of-sight. The CO-emitting structures show intricate morphologies: extended and filamentary at high negative-velocities (v_LSR < -150 km/s), more localized and clumpy at extreme positive-velocities (v_LSR > +200 km/s). Based on the pencil-beam CO absorption spectrum toward SgrA* synchrotron emission, we also present evidence for a diffuse gas component producing absorption features at more extreme negative-velocities (v_LSR < -200 km/s). The CND shows a clumpy spatial distribution. Its motion requires a bundle of non-uniformly rotating streams of slightly different inclinations. The inferred gas density peaks are lower than the local Roche limit. This supports that CND molecular cores are transient. We apply the two standard orbit models, spirals vs. ellipses, invoked to explain the kinematics of the ionized gas streamers around SgrA*. The location and velocities of the CO cloudlets are inconsistent with the spiral model, and only two of them are consistent with the Keplerian ellipse model. Most cloudlets, however, show similar velocities that are incompatible with the motions of the ionized streamers or with gas bounded to the central gravity. We speculate that they are leftovers of more massive, tidally disrupted, clouds that fall into the cavity, or that they originate from instabilities in the inner rim of the CND and infall from there. Molecular cloudlets, all together with a mass of several 10 M_Sun, exist around SgrA*. Most of them must be short-lived: photoevaporated by the intense stellar radiation field, blown away by winds from massive stars, or disrupted by strong gravitational shears.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑