We present a study of the elliptic flow and $R_{AA}$ of D and anti-D mesons in Au+Au collisions at FAIR energies. We propagate the charm quarks and the D mesons following a previously applied Langevin dynamics. The evolution of the background medium is modeled in two different ways: (I) we use the UrQMD hydrodynamics + Boltzmann transport hybrid approach including a phase transition to QGP and (II) with the coarse-graining approach employing also an equation of state with QGP. The latter approach has previously been used to describe di-lepton data at various energies very successfully. This comparison allows us to explore the effects of partial thermalization and viscous effects on the charm propagation. We explore the centrality dependencies of the collisions, the variation of the decoupling temperature and various hadronization parameters. We find that the initial partonic phase is responsible for the creation of most of the D mesons elliptic flow and that the subsequent hadronic interactions seem to play only a minor role. This indicates that D mesons elliptic flow is a smoking gun for a partonic phase at FAIR energies. However, the results suggest that the magnitude and the details of the elliptic flow strongly depend on the dynamics of the medium and on the hadronization procedure, which is related to the medium properties as well. Therefore, even at FAIR energies the charm quark might constitute a very useful tool to probe the Quark-Gluon Plasma and investigate its physics.
Relativistic Hadron-Hadron Collisions in the Ultra-Relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics Model (UrQMD)
采用超相对论量子分子动力学方法(UrQMD)研究高能强子-强子碰撞。这个微观输运模型被设计用来研究pp,pA和A + A碰撞。它描述了强子相互作用的现象学在低和中等能量($\sqrt s <5$ GeV)在已知的强子和它们的共振之间的相互作用。在高能量($\sqrt s >5$ GeV)下,色弦的激发及其随后分裂成强子主导了UrQMD模型中粒子的多重产生。该模型显示了一个公平的整体协议与大量的实验氢数据在很宽的范围内的氢氢质心能量。更高精度的强子反应数据将有助于支持UrQMD模型在相对论性重离子碰撞中的应用。
Separate mass scaling of the widths of the rapidity distributions for mesons and baryons at energies available at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion research
本文研究了在不同的FAIR(Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research)能量下,UrQMD-3.3p1产生的粒子的快度分布宽度对束流快度的影响。用UrQMD产生的事例得到的快度分布宽度随束流快度的变化结果与已有的实验数据(E802、E877、E896、E917、NA 49)进行了比较。对于UrQMD和实验数据,快度分布的宽度被发现承担标度行为与束快度的所有强子。这样的标度行为被发现遵循单独的质量排序所研究的介子和重子。
利用现有的数据外推法估算了FAIR(Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research)能区的瞬发光子产生。在25 AGeV的Au+Au中心事件中,预计将出现$10^{-4}$提示的$γ$,其$p_{t}>$为$p_{t}>$ 2 GeV/c。在CBM(Compressed Baryonic Matter,压缩重子物质)实验中,在计划束流强度$10^{9}/s$、1%相互作用率和10%中心度的条件下,可以预期瞬时$γ$速率约为100/s。分析了PYTHIA、UrQMD、RQMD、HSD、HIJING等几种发生器对直接光子的预测。直接光子的主要来源之一(由于介子散射$πρ\toπγ, ππ\toργ$)没有在重离子发生器中实现。已准备好此源的相应横截面,以便在HSD代码中实施。简要介绍了研究直达光子的主要实验方法(减影法、动量关联法和内转换法)。CBM探测器的高强度光束、良好的跟踪和良好的$e^{\pm}$粒子识别有利于所有方法测量直接光子。
Charmed nuclei and exotic charmed meson production at CBM@FAIR and ALICE@LHC
Suranaree University of Technology(素叻他尼理工大学);GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH(GSI亥姆霍兹重离子研究中心有限公司);Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies(法兰克福高级研究所);Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt(法兰克福歌德大学核物理研究所);Theoretical Physics Department, CERN(欧洲核子研究中心理论物理部);Department of Physics, University of Houston(休斯顿大学物理系)
Temperatures and chemical potentials at kinetic freeze-out in relativistic heavy ion collisions from coarse grained transport simulations
使用UrQMD/粗粒化的方法,我们探讨了在不同能量的中心Au + Au碰撞的动力学冻结阶段。这些研究使我们能够在动力学解耦阶段获得系统热力学性质(例如温度和化学势)的详细信息。我们详细探讨了五个相关的碰撞能量,范围从$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.4\,\mathrm{GeV}$(GSI-SIS)到$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200\,\mathrm{GeV}$(RHIC)。采用标准的强子共振气体状态方程,确定了末次相互作用时空超曲面上的平均温度$\langle T \rangle$和平均重子化学势$\langleμ_{\mathrm{B}}\rangle$。结果突出了作为一个连续过程的动力学冻结的性质。这种差分解耦是在将数据总结为相图中的单个点时经常忽略的一个重要方面,例如在Blast-Wave拟合中完成。我们比较了使用我们的方法与其他模型的系统得出的关键属性,我们简要回顾了相似之处和差异。