具有交通灯边界的路段上的交通行为
Behaviour of traffic on a link with traffic light boundaries
摘要：
本文考虑了一个单一的链接与交通灯的边界条件，在两端，并研究了随着时间的推移与各种信号和系统配置的交通演变。提出了一个流体力学模型和一个改进的随机畴壁理论来描述局部密度变化。Nagel-Schreckenberg模型（NaSch）是一种基于代理的随机模型，被用作基准。流体动力学模型在短时间尺度上提供了良好的近似。畴壁模型被发现再现局部密度的时间演化，在很好的协议与NaSch模拟的短期和长期的时间尺度。系统的调查网络参数的影响，包括系统的大小，周期长度，相位分裂和信号偏移，对交通流的研究表明，静态流量占主导地位的边界与较小的分裂。然而，信号偏移在确定流量方面起着重要作用。确定性畴壁模型和匹配的确定性NaSch模拟的流量与这些参数的解析表达式。分析结果与一般随机模型定性一致。当循环足够短时，稳态由有效流入和流出速率决定，密度分布近似线性且与时间无关。
英文摘要：
This paper considers a single link with traffic light boundary conditions at both ends, and investigates the traffic evolution over time with various signal and system configurations. A hydrodynamic model and a modified stochastic domain wall theory are proposed to describe the local density variation. The Nagel-Schreckenberg model (NaSch), an agent based stochastic model, is used as a benchmark. The hydrodynamic model provides good approximations over short time scales. The domain wall model is found to reproduce the time evolution of local densities, in good agreement with the NaSch simulations for both short and long time scales. A systematic investigation of the impact of network parameters, including system sizes, cycle lengths, phase splits and signal offsets, on traffic flows suggests that the stationary flow is dominated by the boundary with the smaller split. Nevertheless, the signal offset plays an important role in determining the flow. Analytical expressions of the flow in relation to those parameters are obtained for the deterministic domain wall model and match the deterministic NaSch simulations. The analytic results agree qualitatively with the general stochastic models. When the cycle is sufficiently short, the stationary state is governed by effective inflow and outflow rates, and the density profile is approximately linear and independent of time.
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