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arXiv 1804.03418astro-ph.COastro-ph.GA
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星系团中Ia型超新星特殊速度的修正

Correcting for peculiar velocities of Type Ia Supernovae in clusters of galaxies

P. -F. Léget, M. V. Pruzhinskaya, A. Ciulli, E. Gangler, G. Aldering, P. Antilogus, C. Aragon, S. Bailey, C. Baltay, K. Barbary, S. Bongard, K. Boone, C. Buton,… 展开作者

P. -F. Léget, M. V. Pruzhinskaya, A. Ciulli, E. Gangler, G. Aldering, P. Antilogus, C. Aragon, S. Bailey, C. Baltay, K. Barbary, S. Bongard, K. Boone, C. Buton, M. Childress, N. Chotard, Y. Copin, S. Dixon, P. Fagrelius, U. Feindt, D. Fouchez, P. Gris, B. Hayden, W. Hillebrandt, D. A. Howell, A. Kim, M. Kowalski, D. Kuesters, S. Lombardo, Q. Lin, J. Nordin, R. Pain, E. Pecontal, R. Pereira, S. Perlmutter, D. Rabinowitz, M. Rigault, K. Runge, D. Rubin, C. Saunders, L. -P. Says, G. Smadja, C. Sofiatti, N. Suzuki, S. Taubenberger, C. Tao, R. C. Thomas

摘要:

Ia型超新星(SNe Ia)被广泛用于测量宇宙的膨胀。为了进行这样的测量,必须确定Ia超新星的光度和宇宙学红移($z$)。$z$的不确定性包括一个未知的特殊速度,这可能是非常大的超新星Ia在维里化的大质量星系团的核心。我们确定哪一个超新星Ia在星系团中爆炸。然后,我们研究了如何修正星系团内的宿主星系的特殊速度,提高了哈勃残差。使用145超新星Ia从附近的超新星工厂,我们发现了11个候选人的成员在集群。为了估计星系团的红移,我们采用了双权技术。然后,我们用星系团的红移代替宿主星系的红移来构造哈勃图。对于星系团内部的Ia型超新星,当考虑特殊速度时,哈勃图周围的色散比不考虑特殊速度修正时,用$wRMS=0.130\pm0.038$等代替$wRMS=0.137\pm0.036$等时的色散小,改善的显著性为3.58 $σ$。如果我们从分析中去除非常接近的室女星系团成员SN 2006 X($z<0.01$),显著性降低到1.34 $σ$。奇特的速度修正被认为是最高的超新星Ia主办的蓝色螺旋星系,具有高的本地特定的恒星形成率和较小的恒星质量,似乎与预期的情况相反,因为在集群中的老,大质量的椭圆星系的浓度很高。正如预期的那样,与大质量星系团相关的Ia型超新星的哈勃残差在将星系团红移作为SN的宇宙学红移时得到改善。在未来的宇宙学分析中必须考虑到这一事实,以便获得更高的宇宙学红移测量精度。在这里,我们提供了一种方法来做到这一点。

英文摘要:

Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) are widely used to measure the expansion of the Universe. To perform such measurements the luminosity and cosmological redshift ($z$) of the SNe Ia have to be determined. The uncertainty on $z$ includes an unknown peculiar velocity, which can be very large for SNe Ia in the virialized cores of massive clusters. We determine which SNe Ia exploded in galaxy clusters. We then study how the correction for peculiar velocities of host galaxies inside the clusters improves the Hubble residuals. Using 145 SNe Ia from the Nearby Supernova Factory we found 11 candidates for membership in clusters. To estimate the redshift of a cluster we applied the bi-weight technique. Then, we use the galaxy cluster redshift instead of the host galaxy redshift to construct the Hubble diagram. For SNe Ia inside galaxy clusters the dispersion around the Hubble diagram when peculiar velocities are taken into account is smaller in comparison with a case without peculiar velocity correction, with a $wRMS=0.130\pm0.038$ mag instead of $wRMS=0.137\pm0.036$ mag. The significance of this improvement is 3.58 $σ$. If we remove the very nearby Virgo cluster member SN2006X ($z<0.01$) from the analysis, the significance decreases to 1.34 $σ$. The peculiar velocity correction is found to be highest for the SNe Ia hosted by blue spiral galaxies, with high local specific star formation rate and smaller stellar mass, seemingly counter to what might be expected given the heavy concentration of old, massive elliptical galaxies in clusters. As expected, the Hubble residuals of SNe Ia associated with massive galaxy clusters improve when the cluster redshift is taken as the cosmological redshift of the SN. This fact has to be taken into account in future cosmological analyses in order to achieve higher accuracy for cosmological redshift measurements. Here we provide an approach to do so.

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