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arXiv 1804.03065cs.LGcs.AIstat.ML
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基于矩阵草图的高效异常检测

Efficient Anomaly Detection via Matrix Sketching

Stanford University(斯坦福大学);VMware Research(威睿研究院)

Vatsal Sharan, Parikshit Gopalan, Udi Wieder

摘要:

我们认为,在高维数据中使用流行的PCA异常分数发现异常的问题。用于计算这些分数的朴素算法显式地计算协方差矩阵的PCA,其在数据的维度中使用空间二次。我们给出了第一个流算法,使用的空间是线性或次线性的维度。我们证明一般结果表明,\emph{any}草图的矩阵,满足一定的运营商规范的保证,可以用来近似这些分数。我们实例化这些结果与强大的矩阵素描技术,如频繁的方向和随机投影,以获得有效和实用的算法,这些问题,我们验证了现实世界的数据集。我们的主要技术贡献是证明了这些测度计算中产生的算子的矩阵扰动不等式。

英文摘要:

We consider the problem of finding anomalies in high-dimensional data using popular PCA based anomaly scores. The naive algorithms for computing these scores explicitly compute the PCA of the covariance matrix which uses space quadratic in the dimensionality of the data. We give the first streaming algorithms that use space that is linear or sublinear in the dimension. We prove general results showing that \emph{any} sketch of a matrix that satisfies a certain operator norm guarantee can be used to approximate these scores. We instantiate these results with powerful matrix sketching techniques such as Frequent Directions and random projections to derive efficient and practical algorithms for these problems, which we validate over real-world data sets. Our main technical contribution is to prove matrix perturbation inequalities for operators arising in the computation of these measures.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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