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arXiv 1803.09892astro-ph.HE
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球状星团Milky Way的{ \it Chandra}巡天I:弱X射线源的激发和激发

A {\it Chandra} Survey of Milky Way Globular Clusters I: Emissivity and Abundance of Weak X-ray Sources

Zhongqun Cheng, Zhiyuan Li, Xiaojie Xu, Xiangdong Li

摘要:

基于档案{ \it钱德拉}数据,我们已经进行了69,或近一半的已知人口,银河系球状星团(GC)的X射线调查,重点是弱X射线源,主要是激变变量(CV)和日冕活动的双星(AB)。使用每单位恒星质量的累积X射线光度(即,X射线发射率)作为源丰度的代理,我们证明了相对于由太阳邻域和本星系群矮椭圆星系代表的场,大多数GC中弱X射线源的缺乏(平均低于$41\%\pm27\%$)。我们还重新讨论了累积X射线光度($L_X$)、星团质量($M$)和恒星相遇率($Γ$)之间的相互关系,发现了$L_{X}\propto M^{0.74\pm 0.13}$、$L_{X}\proptoΓ^{0.67\pm0.07}$和$Γ\propto M^{1.28 \pm 0.17}$。这三个量可以进一步表示为$L_{X} \propto M^{0.64\pm0.12}\ Γ^{0.19 \pm0.07}$,这表明在GC中通过恒星相遇的CV和AB的动力学形成不如以前所建议的那样占主导地位,并且原始形成通道具有实质性的贡献。考虑到这些方面,我们认为,很大一部分的原始,软双星已被破坏,在二进制单或二进制二星的相互作用,否则他们可以演变成X射线发射的近距离双星,而同样的相互作用也导致了新的近距离双星的形成。没有发现$L_{X}/L_{K}$和集群的性质,包括动力学年龄,金属丰度和结构参数之间的显着相关性。

英文摘要:

Based on archival {\it Chandra} data, we have carried out an X-ray survey of 69, or nearly half the known population of, Milky Way globular clusters (GCs), focusing on weak X-ray sources, mainly cataclysmic variables (CVs) and coronally active binaries (ABs). Using the cumulative X-ray luminosity per unit stellar mass (i.e., X-ray emissivity) as a proxy of the source abundance, we demonstrate a paucity (lower by $41\%\pm27\%$ on average) of weak X-ray sources in most GCs relative to the field, which is represented by the Solar neighborhood and Local Group dwarf elliptical galaxies. We also revisit the mutual correlations among the cumulative X-ray luminosity ($L_X$), cluster mass ($M$) and stellar encounter rate ($Γ$), finding $L_{X}\propto M^{0.74\pm 0.13}$, $L_{X}\proptoΓ^{0.67\pm0.07}$ and $Γ\propto M^{1.28 \pm 0.17}$. The three quantities can further be expressed as $L_{X} \propto M^{0.64\pm0.12}\ Γ^{0.19 \pm0.07}$, which indicates that the dynamical formation of CVs and ABs through stellar encounters in GCs is less dominant than previously suggested, and that the primordial formation channel has a substantial contribution. Taking these aspects together, we suggest that a large fraction of primordial, soft binaries have been disrupted in binary-single or binary-binary stellar interactions before they can otherwise evolve into X-ray-emitting close binaries, whereas the same interactions also have led to the formation of new close binaries. No significant correlations between $L_{X}/L_{K}$ and cluster properties, including dynamical age, metallicity and structural parameters, are found.

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