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arXiv 1802.09541astro-ph.CO
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宇宙历史中的暗物质状态方程

The Dark Matter equation of state through cosmic history

Michael Kopp, Constantinos Skordis, Daniel B. Thomas, Stéphane Ilić

摘要:

冷暗物质(CDM)是当前和谐宇宙学模型的重要组成部分。它有一个消失的状态方程(EoS),它的能量密度与宇宙体积的倒数成比例,因此可以用一个单一的数字来描述,即它目前的丰度。我们测试的逆宇宙体积定律的暗物质(DM),允许其EoS独立变化的范围内$z=10^5$和$z=0$的8个红移箱。我们使用普朗克卫星最新的宇宙微波背景辐射测量数据,并补充了6dF和SDSS-III BOSS巡天的重子声振荡(BAO)数据,以及哈勃空间望远镜(HST)的关键项目数据。我们没有发现任何证据的非零EoS在任何八个红移箱。仅用普朗克数据,DM丰度最强烈地限制在物质辐射相等$ω^{\rm eq}_g = 0.1193^{+0.0036}_{-0.0035}$(95% c.l.)附近,而其现今值更弱约束$ω^{(0)}_g = 0.16^{+0.12}_{-0.10}$(95% c.l.)。添加BAO或HST数据不会显著改变$ω^{\rm eq}_g$约束,而$ω^{(0)}_g$收紧至$0.160^{+0.069}_{-0.065} $(95% c.l.)和$0.124^{+0.081}_{-0.067}$(95% c.l.)分别我们的研究结果第一次限制了DM在不同宇宙学时期所需的“冷”水平,并表明DM丰度在任何时候都是严格正的。

英文摘要:

Cold Dark Matter (CDM) is a crucial constituent of the current concordance cosmological model. Having a vanishing equation of state (EoS), its energy density scales with the inverse cosmic volume and is thus uniquely described by a single number, its present abundance. We test the inverse cosmic volume law for Dark Matter (DM) by allowing its EoS to vary independently in eight redshift bins in the range $z=10^5$ and $z=0$. We use the latest measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation from the Planck satellite and supplement them with Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) data from the 6dF and SDSS-III BOSS surveys, and with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) key project data. We find no evidence for nonzero EoS in any of the eight redshift bins. With Planck data alone, the DM abundance is most strongly constrained around matter-radiation equality $ω^{\rm eq}_g = 0.1193^{+0.0036}_{-0.0035}$ (95% c.l.), whereas its present day value is more weakly constrained $ω^{(0)}_g = 0.16^{+0.12}_{-0.10}$ (95% c.l.). Adding BAO or HST data does not significantly change the $ω^{\rm eq}_g$ constraint, while $ω^{(0)}_g$ tightens to $0.160^{+0.069}_{-0.065} $ (95% c.l.) and $0.124^{+0.081}_{-0.067}$ (95% c.l.) respectively. Our results constrain for the first time the level of "coldness" required of the DM across various cosmological epochs and show that the DM abundance is strictly positive at all times.

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