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arXiv 1802.09264astro-ph.EP
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停滞盖超级地球上的放气

Outgassing on stagnant-lid super-Earths

Caroline Dorn, Lena Noack, Antoine Rozel

备注：
Accepted for publication in A&A, 19 Figures, 20 pages
发表信息：
A&A 614, A18 (2018)
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摘要：

我们探讨火山放气的纯岩石，不同的内部结构，成分，热状态和年龄的停滞盖系外行星。我们专注于质量范围为1-8 ME（地球质量）的行星。我们推导出比例律，以量化这些参数对火山放气4.5 Gyrs的演变后的第一和第二阶的影响。鉴于通常观察到的天体物理数据的超级地球，我们确定了一系列可能的内部结构和成分，采用贝叶斯推断建模。[..]确定的内部随后被用作输入的二维（2-D）对流模型，研究部分熔化，耗尽，和出气率的CO2。总的来说，我们为2300多个不同的超级地球案例建立了广泛的耗尽和放气模型。我们发现有一个质量范围，在这个质量范围内，除气是最有效的（~2--3 ME，取决于热状态），在一个质量上限，除气变得非常低效（~5--7 \ME，取决于热状态）。[..]总之，耗尽和放气主要受行星质量和热状态的影响。内部结构和成分仅适度影响释气。大多数的释气发生在4.5 Gyrs之前，特别是对于低于3 ME的行星。我们得出结论，对于停滞盖行星，（1）成分和结构特性对释气有次要的影响，与行星质量和热状态相比，（2）确认有一个质量范围，其中释气是最有效的和一个质量上限，在此之上没有显着的释气可以发生。我们预测的CO2-大气质量趋势可以通过观测来检验系外行星。这些发现和我们提供的缩放定律是重要的一步，以便为即将到来的任务提供解释手段，例如，JWST和E-ELT，旨在表征系外行星大气。

英文摘要：

We explore volcanic outgassing on purely rocky, stagnant-lid exoplanets of different interior structures, compositions, thermal states, and age. We focus on planets in the mass range of 1-8 ME (Earth masses). We derive scaling laws to quantify first- and second-order influences of these parameters on volcanic outgassing after 4.5 Gyrs of evolution. Given commonly observed astrophysical data of super-Earths, we identify a range of possible interior structures and compositions by employing Bayesian inference modelling. [..] The identified interiors are subsequently used as input for two-dimensional (2-D) convection models to study partial melting, depletion, and outgassing rates of CO2. In total, we model depletion and outgassing for an extensive set of more than 2300 different super-Earth cases. We find that there is a mass range for which outgassing is most efficient (~2--3 ME, depending on thermal state) and an upper mass where outgassing becomes very inefficient (~5--7 \ME, depending on thermal state). [..] In summary, depletion and outgassing are mainly influenced by planet mass and thermal state. Interior structure and composition only moderately affect outgassing. The majority of outgassing occurs before 4.5 Gyrs, especially for planets below 3 ME. We conclude that for stagnant-lid planets, (1) compositional and structural properties have secondary influence on outgassing compared to planet mass and thermal state, and (2) confirm that there is a mass range for which outgassing is most efficient and an upper mass limit, above which no significant outgassing can occur. Our predicted trend of CO2-atmospheric masses can be observationally tested for exoplanets. These findings and our provided scaling laws are an important step in order to provide interpretative means for upcoming missions such as, e.g., JWST and E-ELT, that aim at characterizing exoplanet atmospheres.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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