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arXiv 1802.09075cond-mat.softcond-mat.other
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二维胶体单分子膜中奥布里跃迁的实验观察

Experimental observation of the Aubry transition in two-dimensional colloidal monolayers

T. Brazda, A. Silva, N. Manini, A. Vanossi, R. Guerra, E. Tosatti, C. Bechinger

摘要:

在固体之间实现完全无摩擦(即超润滑)滑动的可能性为机械装置的操作提供了巨大的潜力。在小的长度尺度上,机械接触是明确的,奥布里预测从超润滑的过渡到一个钉扎状态时,机械载荷增加。这种有趣的奥布里转变(AT)的证据,这应该发生在一维(1D)和零温度,最近获得的少原子链。在这里,我们从实验和理论上证明了AT在室温下使用光晶格上的胶体单层在扩展的二维(2D)系统中的发生。与1D中AT的连续性质不同,我们观察到2D中的一阶过渡导致钉扎和未钉扎区域的共存制度。我们的数据表明,Aubry的原始概念不仅存在于2D中,而且与环境温度下的纳米机器和设备的设计有关。

英文摘要:

The possibility to achieve entirely frictionless, i.e. superlubric, sliding between solids, holds enormous potential for the operation of mechanical devices. At small length scales, where mechanical contacts are well-defined, Aubry predicted a transition from a superlubric to a pinned state when the mechanical load is increased. Evidence for this intriguing Aubry transition (AT), which should occur in one dimension (1D) and at zero temperature, was recently obtained in few-atom chains. Here, we experimentally and theoretically demonstrate the occurrence of the AT in an extended two-dimensional (2D) system at room temperature using a colloidal monolayer on an optical lattice. Unlike the continuous nature of the AT in 1D, we observe a first-order transition in 2D leading to a coexistence regime of pinned and unpinned areas. Our data demonstrate that the original concept of Aubry does not only survive in 2D but is relevant for the design of nanoscopic machines and devices at ambient temperature.

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