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arXiv 1802.08702cond-mat.quant-gasphysics.atom-phquant-ph
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单个中性杂质与玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体耦合的量子自旋动力学

Quantum spin dynamics of individual neutral impurities coupled to a Bose-Einstein condensate

Felix Schmidt, Daniel Mayer, Quentin Bouton, Daniel Adam, Tobias Lausch, Nicolas Spethmann, Artur Widera

备注：
4 pages with 4 figures, 5 pages of appendix
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 130403 (2018)
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摘要：

我们报告的自旋动力学的个人，局部中性杂质沉浸在玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体。单个铯原子被传输到铷原子云中，与浴一起热化，并且解决了具有准自旋$F_i=3$的局部杂质与具有$F_b=1$的浴原子之间的自旋交换。比较我们的数据的自旋动力学的数值模拟，我们发现，在BEC制度的气体密度，动力学是由云的凝聚分数占主导地位。我们通过杂质的自旋布居在空间上解决了杂质和气体的密度重叠。最后，我们跟踪的相干性准备在一个相干叠加的内部状态时，耦合到不同密度的气体的杂质。对于我们选择的国家，我们表明，尽管高浴密度，从而快速热化率，杂质的相干性不受浴，实现了制度的同情冷却，同时保持内部状态的相干性。我们的工作为通过局部杂质对量子多体系统进行非破坏性探测铺平了道路。

英文摘要：

We report on spin dynamics of individual, localized neutral impurities immersed in a Bose-Einstein condensate. Single Cesium atoms are transported into a cloud of Rubidium atoms, thermalize with the bath, and the ensuing spin-exchange between localized impurities with quasi-spin $F_i=3$ and bath atoms with $F_b=1$ is resolved. Comparing our data to numerical simulations of spin dynamics we find that, for gas densities in the BEC regime, the dynamics is dominated by the condensed fraction of the cloud. We spatially resolve the density overlap of impurities and gas by the spin-population of impurities. Finally we trace the coherence of impurities prepared in a coherent superposition of internal states when coupled to a gas of different densities. For our choice of states we show that, despite high bath densities and thus fast thermalization rates, the impurity coherence is not affected by the bath, realizing a regime of sympathetic cooling while maintaining internal state coherence. Our work paves the way toward non-destructive probing of quantum many-body systems via localized impurities.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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