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arXiv 1802.07640astro-ph.IM
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未来空间超长波长Radio Telescope天线设计与实现

Antenna Design and Implementation for the Future Space Ultra-Long Wavelength Radio Telescope

Linjie Chen, Amin Aminaei, Leonid I. Gurvits, Marc Klein Wolt, Hamid Reza Pourshaghaghi, Yihua Yan, Heino Falcke

备注：
Submitted to Experimental Astronomy, 23 pages, 17 figures
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摘要：

在射电天文学中，超过10米（频率低于30 MHz）的超长波长（ULW）仍然是天体电磁波谱中最后一个几乎未被探索的窗口。将射电天文学扩展到ULW窗口的科学案例的力量正在增长。然而，地球电离层的不透明性使得地面设施几乎不可能进行超低辐射观测。此外，ULW频谱充满了人为的射频干扰（RFI）。这两个问题的唯一根本解决方案是在太空中放置一个ULW天文学设施。我们提出了一个概念的一个关键要素的星载ULW阵列设施，天线，解决射电天文学的规格。一个三极型天线和放大器作为ULW实现的解决方案进行了分析。一个低功耗的接收机系统进行了讨论。有源天线被优化为在由1 - 30 MHz频带中的天体发射定义的噪声水平下操作。现场实验的原型三极天线使系统噪声温度的估计。他们表示，拟议的概念符合星载超低辐射阵列设施的要求。

英文摘要：

In radio astronomy, the Ultra-Long Wavelengths (ULW) regime of longer than 10 m (frequencies below 30 MHz), remains the last virtually unexplored window of the celestial electromagnetic spectrum. The strength of the science case for extending radio astronomy into the ULW window is growing. However, the opaqueness of the Earth's ionosphere makes ULW observations by ground-based facilities practically impossible. Furthermore, the ULW spectrum is full of anthropogenic radio frequency interference (RFI). The only radical solution for both problems is in placing an ULW astronomy facility in space. We present a concept of a key element of a space-borne ULW array facility, an antenna that addresses radio astronomical specifications. A tripole-type antenna and amplifier are analysed as a solution for ULW implementation. A receiver system with a low power dissipation is discussed as well. The active antenna is optimized to operate at the noise level defined by the celestial emission in the frequency band 1 - 30 MHz. Field experiments with a prototype tripole antenna enabled estimates of the system noise temperature. They indicated that the proposed concept meets the requirements of a space-borne ULW array facility.

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