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arXiv 1802.07523cs.CRcs.CY
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走向开放数据区块链分析:比特币的视角

Toward Open Data Blockchain Analytics: A Bitcoin Perspective

D. McGinn, D McIlwraith, Y. Guo

摘要:

比特币是第一个被称为“公共许可”区块链的实现。通过其加密保证和博弈论经济激励的优雅组合来保证安全性和协议符合性,它允许对仅附加区块链数据库进行审查抵抗的公共读写访问,而无需任何中介中央机构。直到它的出现,才有这样一个可信的,透明的,全面的和颗粒状的数字经济行为数据集可用于公共网络分析。在本文中,通过将比特币区块链的繁琐的二进制数据结构转换为高保真度的图模型,我们通过各种分析证明了采用这种新颖的开放数据架构的社会和计量经济学好处。具体来说,我们展示了(a)如何揭示交易行为的重复模式,以将区块链上的用户活动联系起来;(b)如何将新开采的比特币与个人财富积累联系起来;(c)通过应用货币的朴素数量理论,可以揭示和衡量比特币的反通货膨胀特性;及(d)用户团体如何发展协调防御措施,以对付网络上屡次出现的拒绝服务攻击。上述所有这些都是示例性的好处,由于现有的区块链治理,可扩展性和机密性问题,这些好处将在“私人许可”分布式账本架构的封闭数据模型中丢失,这些数据模型主导着企业级开发。

英文摘要:

Bitcoin is the first implementation of what has become known as a 'public permissionless' blockchain. Guaranteeing security and protocol conformity through its elegant combination of cryptographic assurances and game theoretic economic incentives, it permits censorship resistant public read-write access to its append-only blockchain database without the need for any mediating central authority. Not until its advent has such a trusted, transparent, comprehensive and granular data set of digital economic behaviours been available for public network analysis. In this article, by translating the cumbersome binary data structure of the Bitcoin blockchain into a high fidelity graph model, we demonstrate through various analyses the often overlooked social and econometric benefits of employing such a novel open data architecture. Specifically we show (a) how repeated patterns of transaction behaviours can be revealed to link user activity across the blockchain; (b) how newly mined bitcoin can be associated to demonstrate individual accumulations of wealth; (c) through application of the naive quantity theory of money that Bitcoin's disinflationary properties can be revealed and measured; and (d) how the user community can develop coordinated defences against repeated denial of service attacks on the network. All of the aforementioned being exemplary benefits that would be lost with the closed data models of the 'private permissioned' distributed ledger architectures that are dominating enterprise level development due to existing blockchain issues of governance, scalability and confidentiality.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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