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arXiv 1802.07463astro-ph.HE
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费米泡和费米/环I结构的X射线和Gamma-ray观测

X-ray and Gamma-ray Observations of the Fermi Bubbles and NPS/Loop I Structures

Jun Kataoka, Yoshiaki Sofue, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Masahiro Akita, Shinya Nakashima, Tomonori Totani

摘要:

费米泡可能是由大量能量注入到银河系中心(GC)而产生的,要么是由活动星系核(AGN),要么是由大约1000万年前的核星爆。然而,与Loop I(一个在天空中跨越100度的无线电连续环)相关的弥散伽马射线发射的起源仍在争论中。环I的最北端,被称为北极支线(North Polar Spur,简称SPU),是最明亮的旋臂,甚至在ROSAT X射线星图中也清晰可见。本文综述了费米泡的X射线观测及其与双光子和Loop I结构的可能联系。使用统一的档案朱雀和雨燕数据的分析,我们表明,X射线等离子体与kT ~ 0.3 keV和低金属丰度(Z ~ 0.2 Z_太阳)是无处不在的气泡和环I,自然被解释为弱冲击加热的星系晕气体。然而,观察到的GC上方和下方的X射线发射气体的不对称性仍然没有得到解决;它不能完全解释为费米泡的轴倾斜到银河系盘法线。我们认为,γ射线和环I可能是在费米泡形成之前发生的大爆炸的不对称残留物,环I的软γ射线发射可能是由于加速质子的π ^0衰变或电子韧致辐射。

英文摘要:

The Fermi bubbles were possibly created by large injections of energy into the Galactic Center (GC), either by an active galactic nucleus (AGN) or by nuclear starburst more than ~10 Myr ago. However, the origin of the diffuse gamma-ray emission associated with Loop I, a radio continuum loop spanning across 100 deg on the sky, is still being debated. The northern-most part of Loop I, known as the North Polar Spur (NPS), is the brightest arm and is even clearly visible in the ROSAT X-ray sky map. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review on the X-ray observations of the Fermi bubbles and their possible association with the NPS and Loop I structures. Using uniform analysis of archival Suzaku and Swift data, we show that X-ray plasma with kT ~ 0.3 keV and low metal abundance (Z ~ 0.2 Z_solar) is ubiquitous in both the bubbles and Loop I and is naturally interpreted as weakly shock-heated Galactic halo gas. However, the observed asymmetry of the X-ray-emitting gas above and below the GC has still not been resolved; it cannot be fully explained by the inclination of the axis of the Fermi bubbles to the Galactic disk normal. We argue that the NPS and Loop I may be asymmetric remnants of a large explosion that occurred before the event that created the Fermi bubbles, and that the soft gamma-ray emission from Loop I may be due to either pi^0 decay of accelerated protons or electron bremsstrahlung.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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