奇异活性乳液中的层有序、液滴形成和相反转
Lamellar ordering, droplet formation and phase inversion in exotic active emulsions
摘要：
我们研究数值的被动各向同性流体和活性极性凝胶的混合物的行为，在存在有利于乳化的表面活性剂。专注于参数的基础自由能有利于在被动限制的层状相，我们表明，非平衡和热力学力之间的相互作用，创造了一系列五花八门的异国情调的乳液。当活性成分是可收缩的（例如，肌动球蛋白溶液），中等活性增强了层状有序化的效率，而强活性有利于在活性基质内产生被动液滴。对于伸展活动（发生，例如，在微管马达悬浮液中），相反，我们观察到不同大小的自发旋转液滴的乳液。通过调整整体组成，我们可以产生高内相乳液，当活性被关闭时，其经历突然的相转化。因此，我们发现，活性提供了一个单一的控制参数，设计复合材料具有惊人丰富的形态范围。
英文摘要：
We study numerically the behaviour of a mixture of a passive isotropic fluid and an active polar gel, in the presence of a surfactant favouring emulsification. Focussing on parameters for which the underlying free energy favours the lamellar phase in the passive limit, we show that the interplay between nonequilibrium and thermodynamic forces creates a range of multifarious exotic emulsions. When the active component is contractile (e.g., an actomyosin solution), moderate activity enhances the efficiency of lamellar ordering, whereas strong activity favours the creation of passive droplets within an active matrix. For extensile activity (occurring, e.g., in microtubule-motor suspensions), instead, we observe an emulsion of spontaneously rotating droplets of different size. By tuning the overall composition, we can create high internal phase emulsions, which undergo sudden phase inversion when activity is switched off. Therefore, we find that activity provides a single control parameter to design composite materials with a strikingly rich range of morphologies.
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