The Hubble constant ($H_0$) estimated from the local Cepheid-supernova (SN) distance ladder is in 3-$σ$ tension with the value extrapolated from cosmic microwave background (CMB) data assuming the standard cosmological model. Whether this tension represents new physics or systematic effects is the subject of intense debate. Here, we investigate how new, independent $H_0$ estimates can arbitrate this tension, assessing whether the measurements are consistent with being derived from the same model using the posterior predictive distribution (PPD). We show that, with existing data, the inverse distance ladder formed from BOSS baryon acoustic oscillation measurements and the Pantheon SN sample yields an $H_0$ posterior near-identical to the Planck CMB measurement. The observed local distance ladder value is a very unlikely draw from the resulting PPD. Turning to the future, we find that a sample of $\sim50$ binary neutron star "standard sirens" (detectable within the next decade) will be able to adjudicate between the local and CMB estimates.
Weak lensing of bright standard sirens: prospects for $σ_8$
Università degli Studi di Padova（帕多瓦大学）；Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova（意大利国家核物理研究所帕多瓦分部）；Keemilise ja bioloogilise füüsika instituut（化学与生物物理研究所）
Gravitational-wave standard sirens and application in cosmology
University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；School of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学天文与空间科学学院）；Department of Astronomy, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学天文学系）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院国家天文台）
Cosmology with the lights off: Standard sirens in the Einstein Telescope era
我们探索约束宇宙学的前景，利用引力波（GW）观测的中子星双星的建议爱因斯坦望远镜（ET），利用狭窄的中子星质量函数。双中子星（DNS）双星预计将成为先进LIGO“第一束光”后探测到的第一批源之一，预计在先进时代每年将以几十个的速度被探测到。然而，拟议中的ET每年可以编目数万人。将测得的源红移分布与GW网络距离测定相结合，不仅可以精确测量背景宇宙学参数，而且可以深入了解这些DNS系统的天体物理性质。特别感兴趣的将是探测DNS-二进制创建和随后的合并之间的延迟时间的分布，以及ET的探测范围内的恒星形成率密度的演变。在保持H_0、Ω_{m，0}和Ω_{Λ，0}不变的情况下，我们研究了暗能量状态方程参数恢复的精度，发现只要检测到10^5个DNS双星，我们就可以将这些参数限制到与未来CMB+BAO+SNIa测量的预测限制相似的精度。此外，建模合并延迟时间分布的幂律，和恒星形成率（SFR）密度的参数化版本的Porciani和Madau SF 2模型，我们发现，相关的天体物理参数被限制在10%以内。所有参数精密度均按1/sqrt（N）缩放，其中N是编目检测的数量。我们还研究了精度如何随着宇宙的内在基本属性和网络的距离（可能受到探测器低频截止的影响）而变化。
Simultaneous determination of Hubble constant and cosmic baryon density: Forecasts for the synergy between FRBs and emerging probes
Ningxia University（宁夏大学）；Ningxia Normal University（宁夏师范大学）；Northeastern University（东北大学）；University of Western Australia（西澳大学）；The University of Tokyo（东京大学）
