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arXiv 1802.03026astro-ph.EP
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巨行星和褐矮星大气中的对流动力学和不平衡化学

Convective dynamics and disequilibrium chemistry in the atmospheres of giant planets and brown dwarfs

Baylee Bordwell, Benjamin P. Brown, Jeffrey S. Oishi

摘要:

不平衡化学过程对亚恒星天体的光谱有很大的影响。为了研究这些影响,动力学不平衡已被参数化使用淬火和涡扩散近似,但很少有工作已经做了探索这些近似在现实的行星条件下,在不同的动力学制度。作为解决这个问题的第一步,我们研究了本地化,小尺度对流动力学的行星大气的直接数值模拟完全可压缩流体动力学与反应示踪剂使用Dedalus代码。使用多向分层,平面平行的大气中的2-和3-D,我们探讨了不同的抽象化学物种的猝灭行为作为一个函数的动力学条件的大气参数化的瑞利数。我们发现,在2-D和3-D,化学物种淬火深度比预测的基础上简单的混合长度参数。相反,它是必要的,以使用长度尺度的基础上的反应物种的化学平衡曲线,以预测淬灭点和进行化学动力学建模在1-D。基于我们的模拟结果,我们提供了一个新的长度尺度,来自化学尺度的高度,它可以用来执行这些计算。这个长度尺度很容易从已知的化学数据计算,并为我们的动力学模拟做出合理的预测。

英文摘要:

Disequilibrium chemical processes have a large effect upon the spectra of substellar objects. To study these effects, dynamical disequilibrium has been parameterized using the quench and eddy diffusion approximations, but little work has been done to explore how these approximations perform under realistic planetary conditions in different dynamical regimes. As a first step in addressing this problem, we study the localized, small scale convective dynamics of planetary atmospheres by direct numerical simulation of fully compressible hydrodynamics with reactive tracers using the Dedalus code. Using polytropically-stratified, plane parallel atmospheres in 2- and 3-D, we explore the quenching behavior of different abstract chemical species as a function of the dynamical conditions of the atmosphere as parameterized by the Rayleigh number. We find that in both 2- and 3-D, chemical species quench deeper than would be predicted based on simple mixing length arguments. Instead, it is necessary to employ length scales based on the chemical equilibrium profile of the reacting species in order to predict quench points and perform chemical kinetics modeling in 1-D. Based on the results of our simulations, we provide a new length scale, derived from the chemical scale height, which can be used to perform these calculations. This length scale is simple to calculate from known chemical data and makes reasonable predictions for our dynamical simulations.

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