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arXiv 1802.02679cs.CV
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一种半监督两阶段的噪声标签学习方法

A Semi-Supervised Two-Stage Approach to Learning from Noisy Labels

University of Central Florida(中佛罗里达大学);Tencent AI Lab(腾讯人工智能实验室)

Yifan Ding, Liqiang Wang, Deliang Fan, Boqing Gong

摘要:

深度神经网络最近的成功部分得益于大规模标记良好的训练数据。然而,费力地注释类似于ImageNet的数据集是一项艰巨的任务。相反,从Web上收集训练图像及其噪声标签是相当方便、快速和便宜的。这意味着需要替代方法来使用这种噪声标签训练深度神经网络。现有的方法解决这个问题,要么试图识别和纠正错误的标签或重新加权的数据项在损失函数根据推断的噪声率。这两种策略都不可避免地会导致某些数据点的错误。在本文中,我们认为,它实际上是更好地忽略一些数据点的标签,而不是保留它们,如果标签是不正确的,特别是当噪声率高。毕竟,错误的标签可能会将神经网络误导到糟糕的局部最优。我们提出了一个两阶段的框架,从嘈杂的标签学习。在第一阶段,我们从嘈杂的训练集中识别出一小部分图像,其中标签以很高的概率是正确的。其他图像的噪声标签被忽略。在第二阶段,我们以半监督的方式训练深度神经网络。这个框架有效地利用了整个训练集,但只有一部分标签最有可能是正确的。在三个数据集上的实验验证了该方法的有效性,特别是当噪声率较高时。

英文摘要:

The recent success of deep neural networks is powered in part by large-scale well-labeled training data. However, it is a daunting task to laboriously annotate an ImageNet-like dateset. On the contrary, it is fairly convenient, fast, and cheap to collect training images from the Web along with their noisy labels. This signifies the need of alternative approaches to training deep neural networks using such noisy labels. Existing methods tackling this problem either try to identify and correct the wrong labels or reweigh the data terms in the loss function according to the inferred noisy rates. Both strategies inevitably incur errors for some of the data points. In this paper, we contend that it is actually better to ignore the labels of some of the data points than to keep them if the labels are incorrect, especially when the noisy rate is high. After all, the wrong labels could mislead a neural network to a bad local optimum. We suggest a two-stage framework for the learning from noisy labels. In the first stage, we identify a small portion of images from the noisy training set of which the labels are correct with a high probability. The noisy labels of the other images are ignored. In the second stage, we train a deep neural network in a semi-supervised manner. This framework effectively takes advantage of the whole training set and yet only a portion of its labels that are most likely correct. Experiments on three datasets verify the effectiveness of our approach especially when the noisy rate is high.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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