二维和三维PIC模拟的TNSA质子最大能量定律
TNSA proton maximum energy laws for 2D and 3D PIC simulations
摘要：
数值模拟是激光等离子体实验的重要工具。它们作为新机制探索的指南和理解实验室结果的支持的作用是无可争议的。但是，随着实验本身的成本、设置时间和复杂性的增加，数值模拟也在增加。如今，为了探索有趣的特征，经常需要非常精确地研究大量参数。在文献中，众所周知，二维粒子模拟（2D PIC）只能给出实验结果的定性估计，往往通过一个很大的任意层。另一方面，对于相同的设置，三维（3D）PIC模拟通常可能需要两个数量级以上的计算资源，以提供尽管与实验室结果类似但由于物理引擎中包括的参数和模型中的许多不确定性而仍然远不是真正匹配的结果。在我们最近发表的工作之后，我们在这里讨论了我们提出的几个经验定律，这些定律可以帮助对2D PIC模拟进行定量分析，并确定何时应该停止3D模拟，如果真的没有必要长时间对数值结果进行详细探索的话。
英文摘要：
Numerical simulations are a prominent tool in laser-plasma experiments. Their role, as a guide in new regime explorations and as a support for understanding laboratory results, is undisputed. But as the experiments themselves are growing in costs, setup time and complexity, so are the numerical counterparts. Nowadays it is often necessary to investigate, with great accuracy, a huge set of parameters, in order to explore interesting features. In literature, it is well known that two-dimensional particle in cell (2D PIC) simulations can only give a qualitative estimation of experimental results, often through a great layer of arbitrariness. On the other hand, three-dimensional (3D) PIC simulations, for the same setup, can typically require two orders of magnitude more of computational resources, to deliver results that, while being similar to laboratory results, are still far from being a real match, due to the many uncertainties, in the parameters and in the model, included in the physical engine. Following our recent published work, we discuss here a couple of empirical laws that we proposed, that can help giving quantitative insight into 2D PIC simulations and determining when 3D simulations should be stopped, if it is not really necessary to do a detailed exploration of the numerical results at long times.
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