用表面能表征生物材料的微管抽吸方法
Micropipette aspiration method for characterizing biological materials with surface energy
摘要：
许多生物软组织都具有相当大的表面应力，表面应力对生物软组织的生物物理功能起着重要的作用，但以往表征生物软组织力学性能的方法大多忽略了表面应力的影响。在这项工作中，我们研究了微管吸吮测量细胞和软组织的表面效应的力学性能。采用新胡克本构模型描述被测生物材料的超弹性，并通过有限元方法考虑表面效应。结果发现，当吸液管半径或抽吸长度与弹性毛细血管长度相当时，表面能可明显改变抽吸响应。一般情况下，抽吸长度和体积法向应力都随着表面能的增加而减小，因此忽略表面能将导致弹性模量的高估。通过量纲分析和数值模拟，我们提供了一个明确的施加压力和抽吸长度之间的关系。该方法可用于准确测定生物软组织和器官的力学性能，肿瘤和胚胎。
英文摘要：
Many soft biological tissues possess a considerable surface stress, which plays a significant role in their biophysical functions, but most previous methods for characterizing their mechanical properties have neglected the effects of surface stress. In this work, we investigate the micropipette aspiration to measure the mechanical properties of cells and soft tissues with surface effects. The neo-Hookean constitutive model is adopted to describe the hyperelasticity of the measured biological material, and the surface effect is considered through the finite element method. It is found that when the pipette radius or aspiration length is comparable to the elastocapillary length, surface energy may distinctly alter the aspiration response. Generally, both the aspiration length and the bulk normal stress decreases as surface energy increases, and thus neglecting the surface energy will lead to an overestimation of elastic modulus. Through dimensional analysis and numerical simulations, we provide an explicit relation between the imposed pressure and the aspiration length. This method can be applied to accurately determine the mechanical properties of soft biological tissues and organs, e.g., tumors and embryos.
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