通过测量cosmic ray μ子散射验证密封干燥贮存桶中的乏核燃料
Verification of spent nuclear fuel in sealed dry storage casks via measurements of cosmic ray muon scattering
摘要：
世界上大多数钚都存在于用过的核反应堆燃料棒中。这种高放射性废物通常被长期储存在大型、高度屏蔽的桶中。目前，国际核保障监督检查员没有独立的方法来核实密封桶中储存的反应堆燃料的数量。在这里，我们证明了实验的宇宙射线μ子的散射角的测量，通过存储桶可以用来确定是否乏燃料组件丢失，而不打开桶。高能粒子物理学中普遍使用的技术和方法的这种应用为国际核保障监督中这一长期存在的问题提供了一种可能的解决办法。
英文摘要：
Most of the plutonium in the world resides inside spent nuclear reactor fuel rods. This high-level radioactive waste is commonly held in long-term storage within large, heavily shielded casks. Currently, international nuclear safeguards inspectors have no stand-alone method of verifying the amount of reactor fuel stored within a sealed cask. Here we demonstrate experimentally that measurements of the scattering angles of cosmic ray muons which pass through a storage cask can be used to determine if spent fuel assemblies are missing without opening the cask. This application of technology and methods commonly used in high-energy particle physics provides a potential solution to this long-standing problem in international nuclear safeguards.
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