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arXiv 1709.09668hep-thgr-qc
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在极端黑洞的视界上是否存在有效场论的崩溃?

Is there a breakdown of effective field theory at the horizon of an extremal black hole?

Shahar Hadar, Harvey S. Reall

摘要:

极端黑洞的线性扰动表现出阿雷塔基斯不稳定性,其中标量场的高阶导数沿事件视界随时间多项式增长。这表明,对经典运动方程的高阶导数修正可能变得很大,表明事件视界上的有效场论在后期出现了故障。我们调查是否会发生这种情况。对于极值Reissner-Nordstrom,我们认为,对于一个大类的理论,一般协方差确保较高的衍生物的修正运动方程只出现在组合,保持小的两个衍生条款相比,所以有效场论仍然有效。对于极值克尔,情况更加复杂,因为即使在二阶导数理论中也不理解标量场的反作用。然而,我们认为,高的导数项的影响将是小的相比,两个衍生条款,只要时空保持接近极值克尔。

英文摘要:

Linear perturbations of extremal black holes exhibit the Aretakis instability, in which higher derivatives of a scalar field grow polynomially with time along the event horizon. This suggests that higher derivative corrections to the classical equations of motion may become large, indicating a breakdown of effective field theory at late time on the event horizon. We investigate whether or not this happens. For extremal Reissner-Nordstrom we argue that, for a large class of theories, general covariance ensures that the higher derivative corrections to the equations of motion appear only in combinations that remain small compared to two derivative terms so effective field theory remains valid. For extremal Kerr, the situation is more complicated since backreaction of the scalar field is not understood even in the two derivative theory. Nevertheless we argue that the effects of the higher derivative terms will be small compared to the two derivative terms as long as the spacetime remains close to extremal Kerr.

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